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Now showing items 81 - 86 of 86

  • Asiatic acid attenuates methamphetamine-induced neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity through blocking of NF-kappa B/STAT3/ERK and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis pathway

    Park, Ji-Hyun   Seo, Young Ho   Jang, Jung-Hee   Jeong, Chul-Ho   Lee, Sooyeun   Park, Byoungduck  

    Background: Methamphetamine (METH) is a commonly abused drug that may result in neurotoxic effects. Recent studies have suggested that involvement of neuroinflammatory processes in brain dysfunction is induced by misuse of this drug. However, the mechanism underlying METH-induced inflammation and neurotoxicity in neurons is still unclear. In this study, we investigated whether asiatic acid (AA) effected METH-mediated neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity in dopaminergic neuronal cells. And we further determined whether the effect involved in the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappa B) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. Methods: We used the human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, murine microglial BV2 cell line, and primary culture of rat embryo mesencephalic neurons. Pro-inflammatory cytokine production was monitored by ELISA and RT/real-time PCR. The cell cycle distribution and mitochondrial membrane integrity was analyzed by flow cytometry. We used immunoblotting, DNA-binding activity, and immunofluorescence staining to analyze the effect of AA on activation of the NF-kappa B, STAT3, MAPK-ERK, and apoptosis signaling pathways. Results: METH induced TNF receptor (TNFR) expression and led to morphological changes of cells. Additionally, this drug increased pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF alpha and IL-6) expression. AA significantly suppressed METH-induced TNFR expression in concentration dependent. Increased secretion of TNFa and IL-6 was inhibited in METH-stimulated neuronal cells by AA administration. AA showed significant protection against METH-induced translocation of NF-kappa B/STAT3 and ERK phosphorylation. AA inhibited METH-induced proteolytic fragmentation of caspase-3 and PARP. The pro-apoptotic protein Bax was significantly decreased, while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL was increased by AA treatment in METH-stimulated cells. A similar protective effect of AA on mitochondrial membrane integrity was also confirmed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining. Conclusions: Based on the literatures and our findings, AA is a promising candidate for an anti-neurotoxic agent, and it can potentially be used for the prevention and treatment of various neurological disorders.
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  • Treatment of a mandibular discontinuity defect by using a fibula free flap and an implant-supported fixed complete denture fabricated with a PEKK framework: A clinical report.

    Oh, Kyung Chul   Park, Ji-Hyun   Lee, Joon-Hee   Moon, Hong Seok  

    This clinical report describes the rehabilitation of a patient with a history of mandibulectomy that involved the use of a fibula free flap and an implant-supported fixed complete denture. A recently introduced material, polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), was used as the framework material for the prosthesis, and the treatment produced favorable esthetic and functional results. Copyright =C2=A9 2018 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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  • Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Treatment Sequence Initiating With Etanercept Compared With Leflunomide in Rheumatoid Arthritis:Impact of Reduced Etanercept Cost With Patent Expiration in South Korea

    Park, Sun-Kyeong   Park, Seung-Hoo   Lee, Min-Young   Park, Ji-Hyun   Jeong, Jae-Hong   Lee, Eui-Kyung  

    Purpose: In south Korea, the price of biologics has been decreasing owing to patent expiration and the availability of biosimilars. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a treatment strategy initiated with etanercept (ETN) compared with leflunomide (LFN) after a 30% reduction in the medication cost of ETN in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with an inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX-IR). Methods: A cohort-based Markov model was designed to evaluate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of treatment sequence initiated with ETN (A) compared with 2 sequences initiated with LFN: LFN-ETN sequence (B) and LFN sequence (C). Patients transited through the treatment sequences, which consisted of sequential biologics and palliative therapy, based on American College of Rheumatology (ACR) responses and the probability of discontinuation. A systematic literature review and a network meta-analysis were conducted to estimate ACR responses to ETN and LFN. Utility was estimated by mapping an equation for converting the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index score to utility weight. The costs comprised medications, outpatient visits, administration, dispensing, monitoring, palliative therapy, and treatment for adverse events. A subanalysis was conducted to identify the influence of the ETN price reduction compared with the unreduced price, and sensitivity analyses explored the uncertainty of model parameters and assumptions. Findings: The ETN sequence (A) was associated with higher costs and a gain in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) compared with both sequences initiated with LFN (B, C) throughout the lifetime of patients with RA and MTX-IR. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for strategy A versus B was (SIC)13,965,825 (US$1726) per QALY and that for strategy A versus C was (SIC)9,587,983 (US$8050) per QALY. The results indicated that strategy A was cost-effective based on the commonly cited ICER threshold of (SIC)20,000,000 (US$16,793) per QALY in South Korea. The robustness of the base-case analysis was confirmed using sensitivity analyses. When the unreduced medication cost of ETN was applied in a subanalysis, the ICER for strategy A versus B was (SIC)20,909,572 (US$17,556) per QALY and that for strategy A versus C was (SIC)22,334,713 (US$18,753) per QALY. Implications: This study indicated that a treatment strategy initiated with ETN was more cost-effective in patients with active RA and MTX-IR than 2 sequences initiated with LFN. The results also indicate that the reduced price of ETN affected the cost-effectiveness associated with its earlier use. (C) 2016 Elsevier HS Journals, Inc. All rights reserved.
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  • [IEEE 2015 IEEE-RAS 15th International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids) - Seoul, South Korea (2015.11.3-2015.11.5)] 2015 IEEE-RAS 15th International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids) - Design of a lower limb exoskeleton including roll actuation to assist walking and standing up

    Park, Ji-Hyun   Lee, Jae-Soon   Shin, Ju-Seong   Cho, Baek-Kyu  

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  • Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Profiles of Cyberlindnera fabianii in Korea

    Park, Ji-Hyun   Oh, Junsang   Sang, Hyunkyu   Shrestha, Bhushan   Lee, Hyeyoung   Koo, Jehyun   Cho, Sung-Il   Choi, Ji Seon   Lee, Min-Ha   Kim, Jayoung   Sung, Gi-Ho  

    Invasive fungal infections caused by Cyberlindnera fabianii have recently increased. However, biochemical kits such as API 20 C AUX and Vitek-2C have misidentified this species as other Candida spp. such as C. pelliculosa or C. utilis due to no information of Cy. fabianii in yeast database. During our 2016-2017 surveys, eleven isolates of Cy. fabianii were obtained in International St. Mary's Hospital in Korea. Here, we describe its morphological and molecular characteristics and tested its antifungal susceptibility against nine antifungal agents. The sequences of the ITS region and the D1/D2 region of LSU revealed 100% identity with the sequences of Cy. fabianii. In comparison with the results from MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, we found that Cy. fabianii can be distinguished from other species. In antifungal susceptibility test, voriconazole and echinocandins exhibited good antifungal activities against the majority of Cy. fabianii isolates despite the absence of standard criteria.
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  • Low Complexity Successive Interference Cancellation for OFDM Systems over Time-Varying Multipath Channels

    Whang, Roderick Jaehoon   Park, Ji-Hyun   Whang, Younghoon  

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