An apparatus for producing artificial skin according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a table; a storage part, positioned on the table, for containing a plurality of artificial skin materials used for producing artificial skin; an incubation part, positioned on the table, for culturing the artificial skin by layering the plurality of artificial skin materials; and a printing head, moving above the table, for sucking the plurality of artificial skin materials from the storage part and injecting the artificial skin materials into the incubation part.

The present invention relates to a non-invasive prenatal testing method and, more particularly, to a method for enhancing the sensitivity and accuracy of non-invasive prenatal testing by applying multi-dimensional threshold values based on multiple Z-scores. Designed to reduce false-positive and false-negative possibility by applying two or more Z-score threshold values to aneuploidy detection for one chromosome, the non-invasive prenatal testing method according to the present invention exhibits the effect of obtaining a more sensitive and more accurate test result. Further, the method can minimize test errors in spite of using a small number of nucleotide sequence fragments, with the resultant effect of reducing an experiment cost and thus expensive testing cost and rapidly performing testing with a low expense.

The present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a transparent ceramic phosphor plate, which is not only simple, but can also improve product yield. The solution of the present invention comprises the steps of: pulverizing a YAG phosphor to be smaller than or equal to 1 µm by milling; drying the pulverized YAG phosphor in an oven; pressurizing the dried pulverized YAG phosphor to mold the same into a plate; and firing and post-treating the molded plate.

The present invention relates to an integrated circuit package substrate and, more specifically, to an integrated circuit package substrate, which exhibits excellent conductivity and reliability through the improvement of an adhesive force between a metal line for electrically connecting an upper part and a lower part of the integrated circuit package substrate and glass formed inside the integrated circuit package substrate. To this end, the present invention provides the integrated circuit package substrate comprising: a core part made of glass; a first metal thin plate formed on the upper part of the core part and made of Cu; a second metal thin plate formed at the lower part of the core part and made of Cu; a metal line formed in a shape in which the metal line penetrates through the first metal thin plate, the core part, and the second metal thin plate so as to electrically connect the first metal thin plate and the second metal thin plate, and made of Cu; and an intermediate layer formed on the outer circumferential surface of the metal line, wherein the intermediate layer includes any one of Cu2O, Cu2O doped with a transition metal, and a metal oxide including Cu and a transition metal.

The present invention relates to a metal-bonded substrate and, more specifically, to a metal-bonded substrate in which the bonding force between a nonconductive substrate and a metal layer bonded to each other is remarkably improved. To this end, the present invention provides a metal-bonded substrate comprising: a substrate; a metal layer formed on the substrate; and a self-assembled monomolecular layer formed between the substrate and the metal layer, and composed of a silane chemically linking the substrate and the metal layer, wherein the end group of the silane is composed of an aminosilane containing a saturated or unsaturated hetero atom of a six-membered ring.

The present invention relates to a photo-curable and thermo-curable binder and, specifically, to a photo-curable and thermo-curable binder, a paste composition, using the same, for an electrode, and an electrode using the same, wherein the binder is used for a paste for a low-temperature curable electrode to have excellent printing characteristics and low resistance characteristics, and can be also applied to a photoresist process to implement fine patterns.

Various limitations of 2D cell culture systems have sparked interest in 3D cell culture and analysis platforms, which would better mimic the spatial and chemical complexity of living tissues and mimic in vivo tissue functions. Recent advances in microfabrication technologies have facilitated the development of 3D in vitro environments in which cells can be integrated into a well-defined extracellular matrix (ECM) and a defined set of soluble or matrix associated biomolecules. However, technological barriers have limited their widespread use in research laboratories. Here, we describe a method to construct simple devices for 3D culture and experimentation with cells and multicellular organoids in 3D microenvironments with a defined chemoattractant gradient. We illustrate the use of this platform for analysis of the response of epithelial cells and organoids to gradients of growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF). EGF gradients were stable in the devices for several days leading to directed branch formation in breast organoids. This analysis allowed us to conclude that collective gradient sensing by groups of cells is more sensitive vs. single cells. We also describe the fabrication method, which does not require photolithography facilities nor advanced soft lithography techniques. This method will be helpful to study 3D cellular behaviors in the context of the analysis of development and pathological states, including cancer.

The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and method for generating one image file by extracting an image frame for each camera which satisfies a configured condition from a storage device which stores images photographed by a plurality of cameras. The image processing apparatus comprises: a storage unit for storing an image received through at least one camera; an image analysis unit for analyzing the image received through the camera to separate an object, in which an event occurs, from a background and extract characteristic information of the object; a database for storing characteristic information of the extracted object for each camera; a search condition configuration unit for configuring a search condition; a search unit for searching for characteristic information of an object which coincides with the search condition from the database and obtaining image frames including characteristic information of an object searched from the storage unit; and a file generation unit for synthesizing the image frames to generate one image file.

The present invention relates to an oxynitride phosphor, a preparing method therefor, and a white light emitting element, and more specifically, to an oxynitride phosphor characterized by the emission at an emission wavelength of even 500-550 nm using a UV LED and a blue LED as light sources and having a narrow full width at half maximum of 48-80 nm, wherein the oxynitride phosphor has an excellent absorption range of 380-480 nm and facilitates the wavelength shift to even 500-550 nm, to a preparing method therefor, and to a white light emitting element containing the phosphor.

During endocytosis, fused synaptic vesicles are retrieved at nerve terminals, allowing for vesicle recycling and thus the maintenance of synaptic transmission during repetitive nerve firing. Impaired endocytosis in pathological conditions leads to decreases in synaptic strength and brain functions. Here, we describe methods used to measure synaptic vesicle endocytosis at the mammalian hippocampal synapse in neuronal culture. We monitored synaptic vesicle protein endocytosis by fusing a synaptic vesicular membrane protein, including synaptophysin and VAMP2/synaptobrevin, at the vesicular lumenal side, with pHluorin, a pH-sensitive green fluorescent protein that increases its fluorescence intensity as the pH increases. During exocytosis, vesicular lumen pH increases, whereas during endocytosis vesicular lumen pH is re-acidified. Thus, an increase of pHluorin fluorescence intensity indicates fusion, whereas a decrease indicates endocytosis of the labelled synaptic vesicle protein. In addition to using the pHluorin imaging method to record endocytosis, we monitored vesicular membrane endocytosis by electron microscopy (EM) measurements of Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) uptake by vesicles. Finally, we monitored the formation of nerve terminal membrane pits at various times after high potassium-induced depolarization. The time course of HRP uptake and membrane pit formation indicates the time course of endocytosis.

It is possible to conveniently diagnose colorectal cancer with remarkable accuracy by a colorectal cancer-specific polynucleotide according to one aspect, a composition containing the same, a kit, and a method for detecting gene fusion using the same.

The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition for skin moisturizing containing minerals and a quinoa extract.

Theanine (gamma -glutamylethylamide), an amino acid in tea, is a putative neuroprotective and antioxidant compound capable of improving lifespan and cognitive function. Because we previously reported cognitive dysfunction in klotho mutant mice via down-regulation of janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription3 (STAT3), M1 muscarinic cholinergic receptor (M1 mAChR), and ERK signaling, we, therefore, investigated whether self-administration of theanine affects memory dysfunction in response to klotho gene depletion in mice, and whether theanine modulates the JAK2/STAT3, M1 mAChR, and ERK signaling network. Theanine significantly attenuated memory impairments in klotho mutant mice. Moreover, theanine self-administration significantly attenuated inhibitions of JAK2/STAT3 phosphorylation, M1 mAChR expression, and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the hippocampus of klotho mutant mice. Consistently, AG490, a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor, dicyclomine, an M1 mAChR antagonist, or U0126, an ERK1/2 inhibitor, significantly counteracted theanine-induced attenuation of memory impairment induced by klotho gene depletion in mice. Our study suggests that theanine attenuates memory impairments in a genetic aging model via up-regulation of JAK2/STAT3, M1 mAChR, and ERK signaling.

The intergrain interface of unconventional superconductors suppresses the order parameter and, thus, serves as a bottleneck for the supercurrent. Such a characteristic of the grain interface is a major limiting factor for the lossless-current-carrying capacity of superconducting transmission lines on the one hand, but can also provide a clue to the development of Josephson elements on the other. We investigated the critical transition properties of the MgB2 intergrain nanobridges patterned by using a focused ion beam. The nanobridge containing a single intergrain interface had nominal dimensions of 200 E 300 nm in width and length. We studied the current-voltage characteristics, the temperature-dependent critical current, and the normal state resistance. The measured MgB2 interface properties showed a wide spectrum of the coupling strength, ranging from a weak Josephson coupling to a very strong coupling comparable to an intragranular one. The origins of such a variety of intergrain coupling strengths were analyzed in conjunction with the lattice structure at the grain interface.

The intergrain interface of unconventional superconductors suppresses the order parameter and, thus, serves as a bottleneck for the supercurrent. Such a characteristic of the grain interface is a major limiting factor for the lossless-current-carrying capacity of superconducting transmission lines on the one hand, but can also provide a clue to the development of Josephson elements on the other. We investigated the critical transition properties of the MgB2 intergrain nanobridges patterned by using a focused ion beam. The nanobridge containing a single intergrain interface had nominal dimensions of 200 E 300 nm in width and length. We studied the current-voltage characteristics, the temperature-dependent critical current, and the normal state resistance. The measured MgB2 interface properties showed a wide spectrum of the coupling strength, ranging from a weak Josephson coupling to a very strong coupling comparable to an intragranular one. The origins of such a variety of intergrain coupling strengths were analyzed in conjunction with the lattice structure at the grain interface.