An output voltage regulator of step-down switching power converters is described, with the regulator provided with digitally adjusted output voltage. It solves the problem of low regulation due to low error amplifier (EA) gain. This invention includes a power converter with the function of Digitally Error Correction, having Logic Control, EA, PWM comparator, Driver, power devices and passive components. A Digital Calibration Circuit whose input terminal is connected to the output voltage and output terminal is connected to the error signal. When the output voltage exceeds the tolerance range, this Digital Calibration Circuit will increase or decrease the error signal step by step, keeping the output voltage in the tolerance range. The Digital Calibration Circuit can be applied not only in nanometer scale process, but also in traditional process. For those power converters in traditional process, it is also quite promising in applications.
Since Boneh et al. proposed the notion and construction of Public Key Encryption with Keyword Search (PEKS) scheme, many revisions and extensions have been given. Conjunctive keyword search is one of these extensions, however, most of these constructed schemes can not solve conjunctive with subset keywords search function. Subset keywords search means that the receiver could query the subset keywords of all the keywords embedded in the ciphertext.In this paper, we study the problem of conjunctive with subset keywords search function, discuss the drawbacks about the existed schemes, and then give out a more efficient construction of Public Key Encryption with Conjunctive-Subset Keywords Search (PECSK) scheme. A comparison with other schemes about efficiency will be presented. We also list the security requirements of our scheme, then give out the security analysis.
Since Boneh et al. proposed the notion and construction of Public Key Encryption with Keyword Search (PEKS) scheme, many revisions and extensions have been given. Conjunctive keyword search is one of these extensions, however, most of these constructed schemes can not solve conjunctive with subset keywords search function. Subset keywords search means that the receiver could query the subset keywords of all the keywords embedded in the ciphertext.In this paper, we study the problem of conjunctive with subset keywords search function, discuss the drawbacks about the existed schemes, and then give out a more efficient construction of Public Key Encryption with Conjunctive-Subset Keywords Search (PECSK) scheme. A comparison with other schemes about efficiency will be presented. We also list the security requirements of our scheme, then give out the security analysis.
Provided is a high speed bit stream data conversion circuit that includes input ports to receive first bit streams at a first bit rate. Data conversion circuits receive the first bit streams and produce second bit stream(s), wherein the number and bit rate of the first and second bit stream(s) differ. Symmetrical pathways transport the first bit streams from the input ports to the data conversion circuits, wherein their transmission time(s) are substantially equal. A clock distribution circuit receives and symmetrically distributes a clock signal to data conversion circuits. A central trunk coupled to the clock port and located between a first pair of circuit pathways with paired branches that extend from the trunk and that couple to the data conversion circuits make up the clock distribution circuit. The distributed data clock signal latches data in data conversion circuits from the first to the second bit stream(s).
A spectrum extraction method based on a two-dimensional (2-D) exponential polynomial model is proposed in this paper. It is presented for extracting the flux of the fiber spectrum from a two-dimensional image observed by Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST). Due to the effects of the environments and the instruments, centers of the fiber spectra deviate from the ideal, and the energy is expanded to the neighbors in the form of a point-spread function (PSF) in two dimensions. Thus we use a 2-D model to fit the PSF. In spatial orientation and wavelength orientation, the flat-field images and the calibration lamp images are respectively used to evaluate the parameters of the 2-D exponential polynomial model. With the 2-D exponential polynomial model, the spectrum flux is extracted based on the least square theory. The experiments are processed through simulated profiles to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Especially, its superiority of restraining noise and fitting asymmetric fiber profiles is proved.
Bo Zhang
Pengyin Chen
Sandra L. Florez-Palacios
Ainong Shi
Anfu Hou and Tetsuaki Ishibashi
Diversity of food-grade soybeans is critical for utilization of genetic resources in cultivar development, germplasm enhancement, and end-product commercialization. The objective of this study was to assess seed quality attributes and phenotypic variability among 54 U.S. and 51 Asian food-grade cultivars and breeding lines. The results showed greater genetic diversity of protein content, calcium content, seed hardness, and seed size uniformity than other quality traits in both small- and large-seeded genotypes evaluated in this study. Among the small-seeded soybeans, the U.S. genotypes were more diverse and exhibited higher swell ratio and oil content but lower stone seed ratio and protein content than Asian accessions. Among the large-seeded accessions, U.S. genotypes had higher stone seed ratio and oil content but lower swell ratio and protein content, and were less diverse than Asian genotypes. The characterization of diverse food-grade soybeans will facilitate parent selection in specialty soybean breeding.
Bo Zhang
Pengyin Chen
Sandra L. Florez-Palacios
Ainong Shi
Anfu Hou
Tetsuaki Ishibashi
Diversity of food-grade soybeans is critical for utilization of genetic resources in cultivar development, germplasm enhancement, and end-product commercialization. The objective of this study was to assess seed quality attributes and phenotypic variability among 54 U.S. and 51 Asian food-grade cultivars and breeding lines. The results showed greater genetic diversity of protein content, calcium content, seed hardness, and seed size uniformity than other quality traits in both small- and large-seeded genotypes evaluated in this study. Among the small-seeded soybeans, the U.S. genotypes were more diverse and exhibited higher swell ratio and oil content but lower stone seed ratio and protein content than Asian accessions. Among the large-seeded accessions, U.S. genotypes had higher stone seed ratio and oil content but lower swell ratio and protein content, and were less diverse than Asian genotypes. The characterization of diverse food-grade soybeans will facilitate parent selection in specialty soybean breeding.
Embodiments of a flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that can detect and suppress bubbles in a thermometer code of a flash ADC are provided herein. Bubbles can result in large sparkle errors, which degrade the bit error rates (BER) of flash ADCs. The present invention utilizes a bubble correction module that is configured to provide a bubble corrected one-of-N code by suppressing at least one of any two tops that are not separated by at least two levels within a one-of-N code.
Disclosed herein are a system and a method for managing supply of service. The system may include at least one processor that performs the operations including receiving a plurality of orders for a service; marking a locus based on the plurality of orders, the marked locus relating to a first number of orders of the plurality of orders, the first number of orders sharing a first characteristic, and the marked locus relating to a first location; and identifying at least one provider of the service to whom information relating to the marked locus is to be delivered.
A low-dropout regulator with super transconductance structure relates to the field of power management technology. The super-transconductance structure refers to the circuit structure in which the voltage signal is converted into a current signal and amplified with a high magnification. The error amplifier EA in the present invention uses the super transconductance structure. The differential input pair of the error amplifier EA samples the difference between the feedback voltage VFB and the dynamic reference voltage VREF1. The difference is converted into a small signal current, which goes through a first-stage of current mirror to be amplified by K1, and through a second-stage of current mirror to be amplified by K2. The amplified signal is used to regulate the gate of the adjustment transistor MP. The error amplifier EA with the super transconductance structure is used to expand the bandwidth of the error amplifier EA.
A sub-threshold low-power and resistor-less reference circuit which is related to the field of reference circuit technology of analog circuit includes a negative-temperature-coefficient voltage generating circuit, a positive-temperature-coefficient voltage generating circuit and a current balancing circuit. The negative-temperature-coefficient voltage generating circuit generates a negative-temperature-coefficient voltage VCTAT based on the negative-temperature voltage characteristic of base-emitter PN junction of the bipolar tsansistor. On the other hand, the positive-temperature-coefficient voltage generating circuit generates a positive-temperature-coefficient voltage VPTAT based on the positive-temperature voltage characteristic of the NMOS transistor operating in a sub-threshold region. The current balancing circuit is configured to eliminate the error current caused due to the difference of the current mirror when the two voltages with different temperature characteristics are superposed to output a reference voltage.