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Now showing items 33 - 48 of 260

  • Complications of Laparoscopic Versus Open Bariatric Surgical Interventions in Obesity Management

    Yin, Jian   Hou, Xuhui  

    With the epidemic of obesity fast spreading its grasp throughout the world, the medical professionals of diverse facilities need to be called on for better management to prevent its further progression. In particular, the gastroenterologists have a major role to play in all aspects of obese patient care. They should be able to recognize and treat obesity and associated disorders through the understanding and assessment of the various benefits and risks linked with a particular type of obesity treatment option. While treating these problems, a better understanding of the physiologic and anatomic alterations that might be associated with the treatment procedure and the weight loss-linked problems in association with the method of surgical intervention need to be weighed. Morbid obesity has been efficaciously treated by bariatric surgery promoting weight loss considerably and reducing the obesity-associated risks such as certain cancers, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality. Bariatric surgery has been performed traditionally through open method or, the more recent and popular form, laparoscopically that involves only a small incision in the abdomen. The laparoscopic bariatric surgery has become the surgical method of choice since its introduction in 1993 and has immediately crossed open surgery in terms of popularity. Drastic numbers came out when the two methods were compared for their applicability during a 3-year period in the United States. Only 6,000 reported open gastric bypass surgeries were recorded, but the number soared to nearly 16,000 for laparoscopic gastric bypass surgeries. The laparoscopic method has been found to be associated with much reduced complications and hospital stay along with lower cases of mortality as suggested by small randomized controlled trials and observational studies. However, these facts need to be reassessed through large-sized controlled trials and population-based studies. In addition, the previously ignored complications associated with laparoscopic methods should be studied in detail. Since the cases of obesity have been ever increasing and bariatric surgery is also gaining in popularity, it is important that the safest procedure should be identified. The main objective of this review was to compare the benefits and risks associated with open versus laparoscopic mode of bariatric surgery with a greater focus on the laparoscopic method. Although there are few reviews that have compared the two methods, none have focused on the complications of the two approaches. All these aspects have been dealt in detail here.
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  • Investigation of two-phase Mg-Gd-Ni alloys with highly stable long period stacking ordered phases

    Yin, Jian   Lu, Chunhui   Ma, Xiujun   Dai, Binyu   Chen, Hai-lin  

    Highlights • LPSO/Mg two-phase Mg-Gd-Ni alloys with up to ∼40 vol.% LPSO phase were obtained. • LPSO phase volume fraction was directly proportional to Ni content. • LPSO phase could hardly dissolve into the Mg matrix at 500 °C for 100 h. • Structure of LPSO phase transformed from 18R to 14H upon heat treatment at 500 °C. • Nearly zero solid solubility of Ni in Mg plays key roles in LPSO phase formation. Abstract The effects of the Ni addition on the microstructures of Mg-2Gd-xNi (at.%, x = 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1) alloys were systematically investigated. A series of two-phase Mg-Gd-Ni alloys consisting of long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase and α-Mg were obtained. The LPSO phase presented block-like shape and was distributed between α-Mg dendrite arms. Its volume fraction was found to be proportional to the Ni content, ranging from 0 to ∼40% with the Ni content increasing from 0 to 1 at.%. After a heat treatment at 500 °C for 100 h, the LPSO phase experienced a structure transformation from 18R to 14H but was hardly dissolved into the α-Mg matrix, which evidenced a high thermal stability. The mechanism for the effects of the Ni addition on the formation of the LPSO phase was discussed.
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  • Hierarchical surface wrinkles directed by wrinkled templates

    Yin, Jian   Lu, Conghua  

    So far, although much progress has been made in the controllable fabrication of a microstructured surface, it is still a great challenge to pattern the surface fully based on non-lithographic techniques. Here ordered hierarchical stress-relief wrinkles with well-defined microstructures have been fabricated via a template-guided surface wrinkling. The novel stable structured template is the highly oriented sinusoidal wrinkle with the tunable wavelength and amplitude, which is produced by oxygen plasma treatment of a uniaxially strained polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sheet followed by strain release. When the wrinkled template is conformally contacted with a polystyrene (PS) film that is coated on the compliant PDMS foundation under heating, the confinement-induced wrinkling from the template takes place on the PS-PDMS substrate. The resulting aligned wrinkles with a symmetric single mode (SSm) and symmetric double mode (SDm) are controlled by the ratio of the applied template wavelength to the film intrinsic wrinkling wavelength, regardless of the geometric feature of the underlying substrate in our case. When the template-directed wrinkling is carried out two times on the same PS-PDMS substrate, inaccessible hierarchical complex wrinkles from the well-organized SSm-SSm, SDm-SDm and SSm-SDm are obtained by means of the smart combination of the same or different wavelengths of wrinkled templates. The involved unprecedented template-induced wrinkling on the as-formed wrinkles has been discussed briefly. During the whole patterning process, the applied templates and the as-prepared structures are thoroughly based on the surface wrinkling mechanism without any lithographic method involved.
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  • Atomistic simulation of shear-coupled motion of [1?1?0] symmetric tilt grain boundary in α -iron

    Yin, Jian   Wang, Yi   Yan, Xiaohan   Hou, Huaiyu   Wang, Jing Tao  

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  • Study on Abrasive Wear of Brake Pad in the Large-megawatt Wind Turbine Brake Based on Deform Software

    Zhang, Shengfang   Hao, Qiang   Sha, Zhihua   Yin, Jian   Ma, Fujian   Liu, Yu  

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  • Investigation on compounding and application of C80–C100 high-performance concrete

    Yin, Jian   Zhou, Shiqiong   Xie, Youjun   Chen, Yu   Yan, Qinlian  

    This paper presents the compounding technology and application of C80–C100 high-performance concrete (HPC) containing ultra-pulverized fly ash composite (PFAC) and superplasticizer. The properties of C80–C100 HPC are also studied systematically. The experimental results indicate that this concrete has excellent workability, high strength, lower drying shrinkage, outstanding volume stability, durability, etc.
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  • Regional evapotranspiration estimation based on a two-layer remote-sensing scheme in Shahe River basin

    Yin, Jian   Wang, Huixiao  

    Land surface evapotranspiration (ET) derived from remote sensing data has significant meaning for plant growth monitoring, crop yield assessment, disaster monitoring and understanding energy and water cycle in river basin area and surrounding regions. In the study, we developed a land surface ET remote sensing retrieval system to estimate the daily ET in Shahe river basin using the TM\ETM+ images. The system is based on the two-layer ET model and includes three parts: inversion of the evaporation ration using two-layer model, calculation of total daily net radiation, and estimation of daily ET based on evaporation fraction method. The results show that the average daily ET is about 2.28mm of the typical days in spring, and 2.97mm in summer, 1.59mm in autumn, and 0.5mm in winter. The ET in upstream areas covered by forest is higher than that in the downstream covered by settlement and farmland. In summer the difference of ET between the upper reaches and lower reaches is smaller compared to the other three seasons. The measurements by large aperture scintillometer and eddy correlation instrument were used for validation. By comparing the observed data with the estimated data, we found the estimation system had a high precision with the relative error between 0 and 16% (mean error of 11.1%), and the variance 0.77mm.
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  • POLYMER COMPOSITIONS FOR SELF-ASSEMBLY APPLICATIONS

    The present invention relates to a composition comprises at least one random copolymer having at least one repeat unit of structure (1 ), The present invention also relates to novel processes for forming patterns using this novel crosslinked layer on a substrate by enable a film of a block copolymer coated on the novel crosslinked layer to undergo self-assembly.
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  • METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DATA TRANSMISSION

    Provided are a method and device for data transmission. The method comprises: determining synchronization header indication information used for indicating a frame header position of a first code stream, the first code stream being obtained by encoding CPRI service data; decoding the first code stream to obtain a second code stream, the first code stream being a 10B code stream, and the second code stream being a 8B code stream, or the first code stream being a 66B code stream, and the second code stream being a 64B code stream; according to the synchronization header indication information, inserting, into the second code stream, frame header indication information used for indicating a frame header position of the second code stream; and mapping the second code stream and the frame header indication information into an OPU of an ODU frame. In the embodiments of the present invention, a 10B code stream/66B code stream is decoded to obtain an 8B code stream/64B code stream, and frame header indication information indicating a frame header position is inserted to form a self-defined frame. By peeling off the overhead, the self-defined frame is directly mapped to a payload area for transmission, a transmission bandwidth is omitted, and the efficiency of data transmission is improved.
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  • Circulating miR-375 and miR-199a-3p as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

    Yin, Jian   Hou, Peng   Wu, Zhiqiang   Wang, Tao   Nie, Yanxiao  

    Aiming to find novel non-invasive biomarkers with high accuracy for the detention of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we examined the predictive power of two microRNAs (miR; miR-375 and miR-199a-3p) as potential biomarkers in early-stage HCC. A total of 234 serum samples (78 samples from HCC patients, 156 samples from healthy controls) were collected. We measured the levels of the two mature microRNAs (miRNAs) (miR-375 and miR-199a-3p) with probe-based stem-loop quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) in all subjects. In addition, the correlation between the expression levels of two miRs and clinicopathological factors was explored. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses revealed that the two serum miRs could be promising biomarkers for HCC, with relatively high area under the curve (AUC) values as follows: miR-375, 0. 637 with 95 % confidence interval (CI) of 0.560–0.741; miR-199a-3p, 0. 883 with 95 % CI of 0.827–0.938. Stratified analyses indicated that circulating miR-199a-3p showed better predictive value in patients with long-term drinking. Our data suggested that circulating miR-375 and miR-199a-3p could be a novel serum biomarker for HCC. Nevertheless, further validating and improving study with larger sample should be conducted to confirm our results.
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  • QUERY INTEGRITY ASSURANCE IN DATABASE OUTSOURCING

    A method, system and computer program product for confirming the validity of data returned from a data store. A data store contains a primary data set encrypted using a first encryption and a secondary data set using a second encryption. The secondary data set is a subset of the primary data set. A client issues a substantive query against the data store to retrieve a primary data result belonging to the primary data set. A query interface issues at least one validating query against the data store. Each validating query returns a secondary data result belonging to the secondary data set. The query interface receives the secondary data result and provides a data invalid notification if data satisfying the substantive query included in an unencrypted form of the secondary data result is not contained in an unencrypted form of the primary data result.
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  • Hypertonic Saline Alleviates Brain Edema After Traumatic Brain Injury via Downregulation of Aquaporin 4 in Rats

    Yin, Jian   Zhang, Haixiao   Chen, Huai   Lv, Qingping   Jin, Xuhong  

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  • PORTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICES HAVING A SEPARATE LOCATION TRIGGER UNIT FOR USE IN CONTROLLING AN APPLICATION UNIT

    A portable electronic device (10) includes a housing (130), a receiver (190, 450) operably coupled to the housing for receiving data regarding a physical location of the portable electronic device, a location trigger unit (300), and an application unit (200). The location trigger unit is operably coupled to the housing and to the receiver, and the location trigger unit comprises a first processor (322). The application unit is operably coupled to the housing and to the location trigger unit, and comprises a second processor (222). The application unit comprises a plurality of operating modes. The location trigger unit, based on the physical location of the portable electronic device, is operable to at least one of effect a) changing the operating mode of the application unit, and b) turning on and off the second processor of the application unit. The portable electronic device maybe a portable phone.
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  • Time-response characteristic and potential biomarker identification of heavy metal induced toxicity in zebrafish

    Yin, Jian   Wang, Ai-Ping   Li, Wan-Fang   Shi, Rui   Jin, Hong-Tao   Wei, Jin-Feng  

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  • FAULT DETECTION METHOD AND APPARATUS

    The embodiments of the invention disclose a fault detection method and apparatus. The method comprises: an optical transport network (OTN) apparatus acquires a first OTN frame comprising two or more payload fields, wherein each of the two or more payload fields comprises a payload check information and payload data; detecting according to the payload check information a fault, wherein the payload check information is used to check the payload data in the payload field where the payload check information is located. The embodiment of the invention divides the OTN frame into the two or more payload fields, and carries the corresponding payload information to each of the payload fields, thereby increasing efficiency of fault detection.
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  • Apoptosis Evaluation by Electrochemical Techniques

    Yin, Jian   Miao, Peng  

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