A universal power flow calculation method for a power system comprising a unified power flow controller (UPFC). Under the premise that the control target of the UPFC is satisfied, the method combines the power injection model with the Newton-Raphson method so as to calculate the power flow of the power system by means of iteration. The method is not only applicable to a UPFC having a traditional structure, but also applicable to a novel UPFC in which a series side and a parallel side are connected to different buses or a plurality of branches connected in series are provided. The specific calculation steps and calculation formulas for performing the power flow calculation shows that when the present method is used to calculate the power flow, there is no need to add new state variables, and the dimension of the Jacobian matrix will not be increased in the process of iterating. Therefore, the method is easy to be implemented, and meanwhile has a good convergence characteristic.
A substrate processing system that includes a substrate processing chamber having one or more sidewalls that at least partially define a substrate processing region and extend away from a bottom wall of the substrate processing chamber at an obtuse angle; a source material holder configured to hold a source material within the substrate processing region; a plasma gun operatively coupled to introduce a plasma beam into the substrate processing region; one or more magnets operatively arranged to generate a magnetic field that guides the plasma beam to the source material holder; and a substrate carrier configured to hold one or more substrates within the substrate processing region.
Three basic constraints for the reasonable size of synchronous power systems are proposed. The synchronizing support effect disappears in indirect synchronism mode. The minimum oscillation frequency constraint of low frequency oscillations are analyzed. Frequency stability constraint contains steady state and transient state frequency stability. The triangle criterion could provide useful references for power system planning.
Xu, Zheng
Liu, Yunhuai
Mei, Lin
Hu, Chuanping
Chen, Lan
In this paper, the problem of generating temporal semantic context for concepts is studied. The goal of the proposed problem is to annotate a concept with temporal, concise, and structured information, which can reflect the explicit and faceted meanings of the concept. The temporal semantic context can help users learn and understand unfamiliar or newly emerged concepts. The proposed temporal semantic context structure integrates the features from dictionary, Wikipedia, and Linkedln web sites. A general method to generate temporal semantic context of a concept by constructing its associated words, associated concepts, context sentences, context graph, and context communities is proposed. Empirical experiments on three different datasets including Q-A dataset, Linkedln dataset, and Wikipedia dataset show that the proposed algorithm is effective and accurate. Different from manually generated context repositories such as Linkedln and Wikipedia, the proposed method can automatically generate the context and does not need any prior knowledge such as ontology or a hierarchical knowledge base. The proposed method is used on some applications such as trend analysis, faceted exploration, and query suggestion. These applications prove the effectiveness of the proposed temporal semantic context problem in many web mining tasks. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Xu, Zheng
Morris, Robert
Bencsik, Martin
Newton, Michael
The detection of adulteration in edible oils is a concern in the food industry, especially for the higher priced virgin olive oils. This article presents a low field unilateral nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method for the detection of the adulteration of virgin olive oil that can be performed through sealed bottles providing a non-destructive screening technique. Adulterations of an extra virgin olive oil with different percentages of sunflower oil and red palm oil were measured with a commercial unilateral instrument, the profile NMR-Mouse. The NMR signal was processed using a 2-dimensional Inverse Laplace transformation to analyze the transverse relaxation and self-diffusion behaviors of different oils. The obtained results demonstrated the feasibility of detecting adulterations of olive oil with percentages of at least 10% of sunflower and red palm oils.
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