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Now showing items 49 - 64 of 155

  • Na+-coupled sugar transport: membrane potential-dependent Km and Ki for Na+

    Kimmich, G. A.; Randles, J.  

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  • Na+/H+exchange is increased in sickle cell anemia and young normal red cells

    Mitzy Canessa   Mary E. Fabry   Sandra M. Suzuka   Kevin Morgan   Ronald L. Nagel  

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  • Altered Subcellular Distribution of Na+,K+-ATPase in Proximal Tubules in Young Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

    Hinojos, C. A.   Doris, P. A.  

    During early development of hypertension, the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) demonstrates increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption. Our previous observations of reduced Na+, K+-ATPase catalytic alpha1 and gamma subunit transcript abundance in SHR proximal tubule led us to test the hypothesis that increased proximal tubule sodium reabsorption may be attributable to altered subunit protein abundance, post-translational modification, or a shift in subcellular alpha1 and gamma distribution toward the basolateral membrane. We now extend previous gene expression studies by analyzing total cellular alpha1 and gamma protein abundance in proximal tubule from SHR compared with matched Wistar - Kyoto (WKY) controls. We also used sucrose density-gradient centrifugation to isolate basolateral, early, and late endosomal membrane - enriched fractions as well as cell surface biotinylation to test the hypothesis of altered subunit subcellular distribution in the SHR proximal tubule. At 4 weeks of age, significantly greater amounts of alpha1 were present in basolateral membrane - enriched fractions of SHR than WKY (21.1 +/- 1.8% versus 12.3 +/- 1.8%; P < 0.005), and there was a concomitant reduction of α1 in late endosomal membrane - enriched fractions of SHR (63.3 +/- 2.7% versus 74.8 +/- 4.3%; P < 0.05). This finding was confirmed in cell surface biotinylation studies that showed higher alpha1 (1.45 +/- 0.1-fold greater; P < 0.05) and γ-subunit (3.48 +/- 0.7-fold greater; P < 0.01) abundance in 4-week-old SHR proximal tubule plasma membrane compared with matched WKY samples. These studies support the hypothesis that development of hypertension in SHR may involve an altered subcellular distribution of proximal tubule Na+, K+-ATPase subunits.
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  • Antipredator behaviour of na?ve Arctic charr young in the presence of predator odours and conspecific alarm cues

    T. Lautala   H. Hirvonen  

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  • In Vitro Homocysteine Inhibits Platelet Na+, K+-ATPase and Serum Butyrylcholinesterase Activities of Young Rats

    Francieli M. Stefanello   Renata Franzon   Clovis M. D. Wannmacher   Moacir Wajner   Angela T. S. Wyse  

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  • The cultural production of Asian American young adults in the novels of Marie G. Lee, An Na, and Doris Jones Yang

    Chiu, M  

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  • The Cultural Production of Asian American Young Adults in the Novels of Marie G. Lee, An Na, and Doris Jones Yang

    Chiu, Monica  

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  • 52 INTESTINAL Na UPTAKE DECREASES AFTER HIGH SALT DIE (HS) IN YOUNG BUT NOT IN ADULT RAT

    Finkel, Yigael; Bertorello, Alejandro; Aperia, Anita  

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  • Bringing infertility prevention into focus for young people: “I guess I’m na?ve and don’t think it can happen to me”

    Pitts, Marian   Hanley, Francine  

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  • Isovaleric acid reduces Na+, K+-ATPase activity in synaptic membranes from cerebral cortex of young rats RID C-1438-2009

    Ribeiro, Cesar A. J.   Balestro, Fabricio   Grando, Vanessa   Wajner, Moacir  

    1. Patients affected by isovaleric acidemia (IVAcidemia) suffer from acute episodes of encephalopathy. However, the mechanisms underlying the neuropathology of this disease are poorly known. The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vitro effects of the metabolites that predominantly accumulate in IVAcidemia, namely isovaleric acid (IVA), 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid (3-OHIVA) and isovalerylglycine (IVG), on important parameters of energy metabolism, such as (CO2)-C-14 production from acetate and the activities of the respiratory chain complexes I-IV, creatine kinase and Na+, K+-ATPase in synaptic plasma membranes from cerebral cortex homogenates of 30-day-old rats. 2. We observed that 3-OHIVA acid and IVG did not affect all the parameters analyzed. Similarly, (CO2)-C-14 production from acetate (Krebs cycle activity), the activities of creatine kinase, and of the respiratory chain complexes was not modified by IVA. In contrast, IVA exposition to cortical homogenates provoked a marked inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase activity. However, this activity was not changed when IVA was directly exposed to purified synaptic plasma membranes, suggesting an indirect effect of this organic acid on the enzyme. Furthermore, pretreatment of cortical homogenates with alpha-tocopherol and creatine totally prevented IVA-induced inhibition on Na+, K+-ATPase activity from synaptic plasma membranes, whereas glutathione (GSH) and the NO synthase inhibitor N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) did not alter this inhibition. 3. These data indicate that peroxide radicals were probably involved in this inhibitory effect. Since Na+, K+-ATPase is a critical enzyme for normal brain development and functioning and necessary to maintain neuronal excitability, it is presumed that the inhibitory effect of IVA on this activity may be involved in the pathophysiology of the neurological dysfunction of isovaleric acidemic patients.
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  • Roles of skeletal muscle morphology and activity in determining Na(+)-K(+)-ATPase concentration in young pigs

    Harrison, A. P.   Clausen, T.   Duchamp, C.   Dauncey, M. J.  

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  • Analysis of immune response patterns in na?ve and Plasmodium berghei-infected young rats following a ferroquine treatment

    Christine Pierrot   Sophia Lafitte   Daniel Dive   Laurent Fraisse   Jacques Brocard   Jamal Khalife  

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  • Brain regional distributions of the minor and trace elements, Na, Mg, Cl, K, Mn, Zn, Rb and Br, in young and aged mice

    R. Amano   S. Oishi   M. Ishie   M. Kimura  

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  • Response of jejunal Na+, K+-ATPase to 5-hydroxytryptamine in young and adult rats: Effect of fasting and refeeding

    Lucas-Teixeira   Serr?o   Soares-Da-Silva  

    The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) upon jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase in young (20-day-old) and adult (60-day-old) rats, and determine the effect of food intake on the response of the sodium pump to the amine. Basal Na+,K+-ATPase activity in jejunal epithelial cells from young rats was twice that in adult animals and responded to 5-HT with stimulation. In adult rats, fasting reduced by 25% basal jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase activity, whereas in young rats, no such change was observed. The sensitivity of jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase to 5-HT in young fasted rats was similar to that observed in fed animals. The effect of refeeding in young rats was a 2-fold increase in jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase activity, this being accompanied by insensitivity to 5-HT. In adult rats, refeeding was accompanied by an increase in jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase activity. It is concluded that the stimulatory effect of 5-HT upon jejunal Na+,K+-ATPase activity is a phenomenon dependent on both age and type of diet. In young rats, it is the food intake that plays an important role in development of insensitivity of Na+,K+-ATPase to stimulation by 5-HT, while in adult animals fasting or fasting followed by refeeding does not play a major role in regulating its sensitivity to the amine.
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  • Mild decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria are associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the general population.

    Oh, Se Won   Baek, Seon Ha   Kim, Yong Chul   Goo, Ho Suk   Heo, Nam Ju   Na, Ki Young   Chae, Dong Wan   Kim, Suhnggwon   Chin, Ho Jun  

    BACKGROUND: A recent collaborative meta-analysis by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes reported that an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and an albumin-to-creatinine ratio of =E2=89=A5 10 mg/g were independent predictors for mortality in the general population. However, selection bias, heterogeneity of the cohorts and measurement issues could be limitations.; METHODS: We analyzed the relationship of eGFR and proteinuria with mortality in the Korean general population, represented by 112,115 participants, aged =E2=89=A5 20 years, who had a voluntary health check-up with homogenous calibration of creatinine measurement from 2003 to 2009. Proteinuria (trace or more) was determined by urine dipstick.; RESULTS: eGFR and proteinuria were independently associated with all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM), and progressive increases in risks for mortality were noted according to eGFR level and the presence of proteinuria. Compared with eGFR 90-105 mL/min/1.73 m(2), hazard ratio (HRs) for ACM were 1.60 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.12-2.30] for eGFR 60-74 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and 3.54 (2.20-5.68) for eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) in participants with no proteinuria. In participants with proteinuria, HRs for ACM were 2.10 (1.41-3.12) for eGFR 75-89 mL/min/1.73 m(2), 2.30 (1.50-3.53) for eGFR 60-74 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and 3.77 (2.15-6.38) for eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Similar findings were observed for CVM.; CONCLUSIONS: eGFR <75 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and urine dipstick trace or more were independent risk factors of ACM and CVM. The risks of adverse outcomes are greater in the general population with mild renal impairment or mild proteinuria.=20
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  • DOES ROUTINE BIOIMPEDANCE-GUIDED FLUID MANAGEMENT PROVIDE ADDITIONAL BENEFIT TO NON-ANURIC PERITONEAL DIALYSIS PATIENTS? RESULTS FROM COMPASS CLINICAL TRIAL

    Oh, Kook-Hwan   Baek, Seon Ha   Joo, Kwon-Wook   Kim, Dong Ki   Kim, Yon Su   Kim, Sejoong   Oh, Yun Kyu   Han, Byoung Geun   Chang, Jae Hyun   Chung, Wookyung   Na, Ki Young  

    Introduction: In peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, volume overload is related to cardiac dysfunction and mortality, while intravascular volume depletion is associated with a rapid decline in the residual renal function (RRF). This study sought to determine the clinical usefulness of bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS)-guided fluid management for preserving RRF and cardiac function in PD patients. Subjects and methods: This is a multicenter, prospective, open-label study that was conducted over a 1-year period (NCT01887262). Non-anuric (urine volume > 500 mL/day) subjects on PD were enrolled. Subjects in the control group received fluid management based on the clinical information alone. Those in the BIS group received BIS-guided fluid management along with clinical information. Results: The subjects (N =3D 137, mean age 51.3 +/- 12.8 years, 54% male) were randomly assigned to the BIS group (n =3D 67) or to the control group (n =3D 70). There were no significant differences between the 2 groups with regard to age, sex ratio, cause of kidney failure, duration of PD, baseline comorbidity, RRF, PD method, or peritoneal transport type. At baseline, the 2 groups were not different in terms of RRF (glomerular filtration rate [GFR], 5.1 +/- 2.9 vs 5.5 +/- 3.7 mL/min/1.73 m(2)). After follow-up, changes in the GFR between the 2 groups were not different (-1.5 +/- 2.4 vs -1.3 +/- 2.6 mL/min/1.73 m(2), p =3D 0.593). Over the 1-year study period, both groups maintained stability of various fluid status parameters. Between the 2 groups, there were no differences in the net change of various fluid status parameters such as overhydration (OH) and extracellular water/total body water (ECW/TBW). A net change in ECW over 1 year was slightly but significantly higher in the control group (net increase, 0.57 +/- 1.27 vs 0.05 +/- 1.63 L, p =3D 0.047). However, this difference was not translated into an improvement in RRF in the BIS group. There were no differences in echocardiographic parameters or arterial stiffness at the end of follow-up. Conclusion: Routine BIS-guided fluid management in nonanuric PD patients did not provide additional benefit in volume control, RRF preservation, or cardiovascular (CV) parameters. However, our study cannot be generalized to the whole PD population. Further research is warranted in order to investigate the subpopulation of PD patients who may benefit from routine -BIS-guided fluid management.
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