The objective of the invention is to provide, for semiconductor integrated circuit devices, a structure that can sufficiently ensure an ESD protection capability and a power supply capability for I/O cells without causing increase of the circuit area. In I/O cell columns (10A, 10B), I/O cells (11A, 11B) each for supplying a power supply potential or a ground potential are connected to each other via a power supply sharing wire (31). The I/O cells (11A, 11B) are located at such positions that the I/O cells (11A, 11B) overlie each other in a first direction along which I/O cells (10) are aligned. The power supply sharing wire (31) extends in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction and is connected to first pads (21a, 21b) existing at positions that are closest to the power supply sharing wire (31) in the first direction.
The GINS complex associates with cell division cycle (Cdc) protein 45 and mini-chromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins 2-7 to form the Cdc45-Mcm-GINS (CMG) complex, which is essential for DNA duplication. One member of the GINS complex is Psf3. We previously found that increased Psf3 expression was strongly associated with poor survival in lung adenocarcinoma. Here, we investigated the role of Psf3 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We verified Psf3 expression in human NSCLC tissues (180 patients) and cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the overexpression of Psf3 was significantly associated with vessel invasion (P =3D 0.016), lymphatic invasion (P =3D 0.002), and pleural invasion (P =3D 0.036). The overall survival rate in patients with Psf3 overexpression was significantly lower than that in patients without Psf3 overexpression (P =3D 0.006). Multivariate survival analysis revealed Psf3 expression to be an independent risk factor for an unfavorable outcome (P =3D 0.049). A proximal ligation assay showed interactions between Psf3 and other CMG components (such as Mcm2 and Cdc45) in both NSCLC specimens and cell lines, indicating that Psf3 acted as the CMG complex, which could lead to excessive proliferation. Knockdown of Psf3 inhibited the proliferation of both cell lines by delaying the S phase, which revealed that Psf3 played an important role in cancer proliferation. Thus, Psf3 acted as the CMG complex, promoting excessive proliferation. These results suggest that Psf3 inhibition might be a therapeutic target for NSCLC with Psf3 overexpression. =C2=A9 2015 The Authors. Cancer Science published by Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.
Asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones (AHK) was revolutionized in 1987 and again in 1995 when Ru(CH3COO)(2)(binap)/HCl and RuCl2(binap)/diamine, respectively, were developed. Since then, the number of reports on Ru-catalyzed AHK has increased exponentially, and the utility of other precious metals (Os, Rh, Ir and Pd) has also been shown. The utilization of inexpensive base metals (Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) has been a recent trend. This digest summarizes the key advances in AHK in the past decade by categorizing the chiral ligands into six types: (i) diphosphines, (ii) diphosphines/diamines, (iii) tridentate or tetradentate phosphine amines, (iv) diamines, (v) tetradentate amines, and (vi) tetradentate thioether amines. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
OBJECTIVE: Small pulmonary nodules are often followed up. This study aimed to establish radiographic criteria with which to accurately and reproducibly predict indolent cancers including adenocarcinoma in situ.; METHODS: We examined correlations between pre-operative factors and surgical outcomes, including pathological findings and prognosis among 609 patients with clinical Stage IA lung adenocarcinoma that had been completely resected at multiple institutions. Indolent cancers were defined as tumors without lymphatic, blood vessel, pleural invasion or lymph node involvement (LY0V0PL0N0) regardless of stromal invasion.; RESULTS: Pathological assessments of specimens of 35 of 85 (41%) pure ground glass opacity tumors including 3 (23%) of 13 pure ground glass opacity tumors =E2=89=A4 1 cm, revealed partially invasive components. Receiver operating characteristic curves for LY0V0PL0N0 revealed solid tumor size =E2=89=A4 6 mm on high-resolution computed tomography or maximum standardized uptake values =E2=89=A4 0.6 on 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography as radiographic indolent tumor criteria for predicting indolent tumors. Among 216 (35.5%) of 609 patients who met these criteria, none developed recurrence over a median follow-up of 41.6 months.; CONCLUSIONS: Pure ground glass opacity lesions on high-resolution computed tomography could pathologically include invasive components and would not correspond to adenocarcinoma in situ. Solid tumor size on high-resolution computed tomography and maximum standardized uptake values on positron emission tomography/computed tomography can predict indolent LY0V0PL0N0 lung tumors that can be followed up. =C2=A9 The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.
This report introduces a hilar side approach for posterior basal segmentectomies by the process of specific vision thoracoscopic surgery, which has been used extensively for peripheral small lung cancer by the author. Although it requires a deeper understanding of hilar anatomy and fine control, it is safer and less invasive to the thoracic wall and results in less postoperative pain than the thoracotomy counterpart and as a hilar side approach allows for less deformation. The necessary order of processes involves specific vision, inflation-deflation and blunt dissection from the hilum. =C2=A9 The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.
AIM: We examined the advantages of thoracoscopy over thoracotomy in terms of perioperative outcomes and toleration of adjuvant chemotherapy.; METHODS: Between April 2010 and March 2013, 657 patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who underwent lobectomy were classified into thoracoscopy (308 patients) and thoracotomy (349 patients) groups and compared.; RESULTS: The thoracoscopy group had less blood loss compared to the thoracotomy group (p<0.001). When limiting the analysis to pathological stage I patients, the results were similar (p<0.001). In addition, the difference in blood loss between the 2 groups was greater in patients with severe pleural adhesions. The postoperative morbidity of the thoracoscopy group was significantly less than that of the thoracotomy group (13.3% vs. 21.2%, p<0.001), and this result was similar when analyzing the pathological stage I patients (12.6% vs. 20.6%, p=3D0.001). A higher percentage of the thoracoscopy group received both the full planned course and dose of adjuvant chemotherapy compared to the thoracotomy group (84.2% vs. 65.8%, p=3D0.032).; CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that totally thoracoscopic lobectomy is the more beneficial surgical approach with regard to the incidence of postoperative complications and toleration of adjuvant chemotherapy. =C2=A9 The Author(s) 2015.
We fabricated a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) using an MgO barrier and MnGa electrode, which shows large magnetic anisotropy, and we investigated the spin torque diode effect in the MTJ. The magnetoresistance ratio increased up to approximately 40% by inserting thin FeB/Fe layers at the MnGa/MgO interface. The obtained diode effect was as high as 70 GHz, which is thought to occur due to the coupled precession acoustic mode in the MnGa/Fe-B multi-layer. Numerical simulation suggests that a very high frequency diode signal of more than 150 GHz can be expected in the optical mode precession. Published by AIP Publishing.
Psf3 is a member of the evolutionarily conserved heterotetrameric complex GINS (Go-lchi-Ni-San), which consists of SId5, Psf1, Psf2, and Psf3. Previous studies have suggested that some GINS complex members are upregulated in cancer, but the status of Ps13 expression in lung adenocarcinoma has not been investigated. The objective of the current study was to determine whether Psf3 plays a role in lung adenocarcinoma by investigating clinical samples. We investigated the status of Psf3 expression in cancer cells of 125 consecutive resected lung adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry. Increased Psf3 expression was observed in 27(21.6%) of the 125 cases. Further, univariate analysis and log-rank test indicated a significant association between Psf3 expression and lower overall survival rate (P=0.0001 and P<0.0001, respectively). Multivariate analysis also indicated a statistically significant association between increased Psf3 expression and lower overall survival rate (hazard ratio, 5.2; P=0.0027). In a subgroup analysis of only stage I patients, increased Psf3 expression was also significantly associated with a lower overall survival rate (P=0.0008, log-rank test). Moreover, the Ki67 index level was higher in the Psf3-positive group than in the Psf3-low positive group (P<0.0001, Mann-Whitney U-test). Our results indicated that Psf3 can serve as a prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Background: We investigated the prognostic significance of the immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule nectin-3, a regulator of the formation of adherens junctions, in human lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: Tumor-tissue samples of 127 patients with surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma were used for analysis of the proteins expression by immunohistochemistry. Results: Of the 127 patients, 25% showed membranous expression of nectin-3, and others showed negative or cytoplasmic expression. Membranous expression of nectin-3 was found to be a prognostic factor for decreased overall survival on univariate analysis (P = 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analyses also revealed that membranous expression of nectin-3 turned out to be an independent prognostic factor (P = 0.048). Moreover, in tumors expressing membranous nectin-3, some tumors did not co-localize with E-cadherin, and the patients of such tumors showed poorer prognosis than other patients for overall survival on univariate analysis (P < 0.03). Conversely, membranous expression of nectin-3 with E-cadherin co-localization was found to associate with good prognosis of patients. Conclusion: Membranous expression of nectin-3 was an independent prognostic factor of lung adenocarcinoma, and it might play an important role in progression of the tumor.
Noble metal (gold or silver) nanoparticles or patterned films are typically used as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Two-dimensional (2D) carbides and nitrides (MXenes) exhibit unique electronic and optical properties, including metallic conductivity and plasmon resonance in the visible or near infrared range, making them promising candidates for a wide variety of applications. Herein, we show that 2D titanium carbide, Ti3C2Tx, enhances Raman signal from organic dyes on a substrate and in solution. As a proof of concept, MXene SERS substrates were manufactured by spray-coating and used to detect several common dyes, with calculated enhancement factors reaching, similar to 10(6). Titanium carbide MXene demonstrates SERS effect in aqueous colloidal solutions, suggesting the potential for or environmental applications, where biomedical MXene can selectively enhance positively charged molecules.
Pure perovskite-type LaTaON(2) crystal powders with high crystallinity were synthesized in supercritical ammonia using sodium amide as a flux. The synthesis temperature for this new method is 873 K., approximately 300 K lower than that for previous methods. The obtained powders have a pseudocubic lattice with a lattice constant of alpha = 0.4049 nm, which is in good agreement with the reported value.
Ito, Natsuko
Kamitakahara, Masanobu
Yoshimura, Masahiro
Ioku, Koji
Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is regarded as an in vivo precursor of hydroxyapatite (HA). It is important to understand the mechanism of transformation of OCP to HA in order to reveal the mechanism of mineralization and help in the development of artificial bone-repairing materials. Herein, we have examined the behavior of OCP in a simulated body fluid (SBF) and pure water. The OCP particles immersed in the SBF at 37 =C2=B0C did not transform to HA even after 720 h of immersion, though the particles showed crystal growth. In distilled water at 60 =C2=B0C, the OCP particles transformed to HA but the unreactive period was observed. Although the immersed solution became supersaturated with HA within 12h of immersion, the OCP was not transformed in the first 36 h of immersion. These results indicate that the nucleation of HA is the rate-determining step in the transformation of OCP to HA. Copyright =C2=A9 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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