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Now showing items 1 - 16 of 1051

  • Walking and Jogging: An Analysis of Pedestrian Stopping Times and Distances

    Wood, M.   Ayres, T.   Kelkar, R.   Khatua, R.  

    When faced with a potential hazard, a pedestrian may need to change course, stop, maintain speed or accelerate. Logically, this must involve both a delay phase (to perceive a hazard and formulate a response) and an action phase (e.g., to arrest forward momentum in a stopping response). Qualitatively, the decision and response processes are similar to those an individual faces while driving an automobile or riding a bicycle, but very little research has been found on this subject for pedestrians. In the current study, jogging or walking subjects were asked to stop quickly in response to an auditory signal, and data were extracted from video recordings of the trials. The reaction time phase observed in the study was similar to prepared reaction times in other settings. The halting phase visibly began with a change in body angle, with rapid deceleration following the subsequent heel strike. Both the time and the distance to stop required from a jog or walk can be important for analysis of vehicle-pedestrian collisions and other mishaps.
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  • Lines of flight: everyday resistance along England\"s backbone

    Wood, M.   Brown, S.  

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  • Monte Carlo studies of medium-size telescope designs for the Cherenkov Telescope Array

    Wood, M.   Jogler, T.   Dumm, J.   Funk, S.  

    Abstract We present studies for optimizing the next generation of ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs). Results focus on mid-sized telescopes (MSTs) for CTA, detecting very high energy gamma rays in the energy range from a few hundred GeV to a few tens of TeV. We describe a novel, flexible detector Monte Carlo package, FAST (FAst Simulation for imaging air cherenkov Telescopes), that we use to simulate different array and telescope designs. The simulation is somewhat simplified to allow for efficient exploration over a large telescope design parameter space. We investigate a wide range of telescope performance parameters including optical resolution, camera pixel size, and light collection area. In order to ensure a comparison of the arrays at their maximum sensitivity, we analyze the simulations with the most sensitive techniques used in the field, such as maximum likelihood template reconstruction and boosted decision trees for background rejection. Choosing telescope design parameters representative of the proposed Davies–Cotton (DC) and Schwarzchild–Couder (SC) MST designs, we compare the performance of the arrays by examining the gamma-ray angular resolution and differential point-source sensitivity. We further investigate the array performance under a wide range of conditions, determining the impact of the number of telescopes, telescope separation, night sky background, and geomagnetic field. We find a 30–40% improvement in the gamma-ray angular resolution at all energies when comparing arrays with an equal number of SC and DC telescopes, significantly enhancing point-source sensitivity in the MST energy range. We attribute the increase in point-source sensitivity to the improved optical point-spread function and smaller pixel size of the SC telescope design.
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  • A Search for Dark Matter Annihilation with the Whipple 10 m Telescope

    Wood, M.   Blaylock, G.   Bradbury, S.?M.   Buckley, J.?H.   Byrum, K.?L.   Chow, Y.?C.?K.   Cui, W.   de la Calle Perez, I.   Falcone, A.?D.   Fegan, S.?J.   Finley, J.?P.   Grube, J.   Hall, J.   Hanna, D.   Holder, J.   Horan, D.   Humensky, T.?B.   Kieda, D.?B.   Kildea, J.   Konopelko, A.   Krawczynski, H.   Krennrich, F.   Lang, M.?J.   LeBohec, S.   Nagai, T.   Ong, R.?A.   Perkins, J.?S.   Pohl, M.   Quinn, J.   Rose, H.?J.   Sembroski, G.?H.   Vassiliev, V.?V.   Wagner, R.?G.   Wakely, S.?P.   Weekes, T.?C.   Weinstein, A.  

    We present observations of the dwarf galaxies Draco and Ursa Minor, the Local Group galaxies M32 and M33, and the globular cluster M15 conducted with the Whipple 10 m gamma-ray telescope to search for the gamma-ray signature of self-annihilating weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which may constitute astrophysical dark matter (DM). We review the motivations for selecting these sources based on their unique astrophysical environments and report the results of the data analysis that produced upper limits on the excess rate of gamma rays for each source. We consider models for the DM distribution in each source based on the available observational constraints and discuss possible scenarios for the enhancement of the gamma-ray luminosity. Limits on the thermally averaged product of the total self-annihilation cross section and velocity of the WIMP, , are derived using conservative estimates for the magnitude of the astrophysical contribution to the gamma-ray flux. Although these limits do not constrain predictions from the currently favored theoretical models of supersymmetry (SUSY), future observations with VERITAS will probe a larger region of the WIMP parameter phase space, , and WIMP particle mass (m(chi)).
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  • Improving Adherence to Evidence-Based Guidelines for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

    Wood, M.   Hall, L.   Hockenberry, M.   Borinstein, S.  

    Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most common side effects experienced by patients receiving chemotherapy. Antiemetic medications can be used to effectively prevent and treat CINV. Choice and dose of antiemetics are often based on provider preference rather than evidenced-based information. CINV antiemetic prescribing guidelines provide an evidence-based approach and standardization for the management of this common side effect. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to improve adherence to CINV antiemetic guidelines. Despite distribution of CINV guidelines, there was inconsistent compliance with their use. When providers reported unfamiliarity with the guidelines, they were reintroduced and direct provider feedback was given to improve adherence. This quality improvement project demonstrates the need for continued reinforcement to sustain change that results in the best care for children experiencing CINV.
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  • Direct Measurement of the Lethal Isotherm for Radiofrequency Ablation of Myocardial Tissue

    Wood, M.   Goldberg, S.   Lau, M.   Goel, A.   Alexander, D.   Han, F.   Feinstein, S.  

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  • Soil health - What should the doctor order?

    Wood, M.   Litterick, A. M.   Goss, Michael  

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  • Complex pore spaces create record-breaking methane storage system for natural-gas vehicles

    Pfeifer, P.   Aston, L.   Banks, M.   Barker, S.   Burress, J.   Carter, S.   Coleman, J.   Crockett, S.   Faulhaber, C.   Flavin, J.   Gordon, M.   Hardcastle, L.   Kallenborn, Z.   Kemiki, M.   Lapilli, C.   Pobst, J.   Schott, R.   Shah, P.   Spellerberg, S.   Suppes, G.   Taylor, D.   Tekeei, A.   Wexler, C.   Wood, M.   Buckley, P.   Breier, T.   Downing, J.   Eastman, S.   Freeze, P.   Graham, S.   Grinter, S.   Howard, A.   Martinez, J.   Radke, D.   Vassalli, T.   Ilavsky, J.  

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  • Hearth-Related Wood Remains from Abric Romaní Layer M (Capellades, Spain)

    Solé, Alex   Allué, Ethel   Carbonell, Eudald  

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  • Just like us: Everyday celebrity politicians and the pursuit of popularity in an age of anti-politics

    Wood, M.   Corbett, J.   Flinders, M.  

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  • Agrobiodiversity: Characterization, Utilization and Managementby D. Wood; J. M. Lenné

    Review by: Daniela Soleri  

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  • Search for gamma-ray emission from Galactic novae with the Fermi  -LAT

    Franckowiak, A.   Jean, P.   Wood, M.   Cheung, C. C.   Buson, S.  

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  • Electrodialytic remediation of CCA-treated waste wood in a 2 m3 pilot plant

    Iben V. Christensen   Anne J. Pedersen   Lisbeth M. Ottosen and Alexandra B. Ribeiro  

    Waste wood that has been treated with chromated-copper-arsenate (CCA) poses a potential environmental problem due to the content of copper, chromium and arsenic.A pilot plant for electrodialytic remediation of up to 2 m3 wood has been designed and tested and the results are presented here. Several process parameters were investigated, and it was found that the use of collecting units and soaking of the wood prior to the electrodialytic process had a positive influence on the remediation process. There was a tendency towards higher removal of CCA from wood chips < 2 cm, compared to larger wood size fractions. The best remediation efficiency was obtained in an experiment with an electrode distance of 60 cm, and 100 kg wood chips. In this experiment 87%copper, 81%chromium and > 95%arsenic were removed. One other experiment was also analysed for arsenic. In this experiment the distance between the working electrodes was 1.5 m and here 95%As was removed. The results showed that arsenic may be the easiest removable of the copper, chromium and arsenic investigated here. This is very encouraging since arsenic is the CCA components of most environmental concern.
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  • Zirconium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclohydroamination of Alkenes

    Wood, M.   Leitch, D.   Yeung, C.   Kozak, J.   Schafer, L.  

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  • Asteroseismology of the PG 1159 star PG 0122+200

    Fu, J.-N.   Vauclair, G.   Solheim, J.-E.   Chevreton, M.   Dolez, N.   O'Brien, M. S.   Kim, S.-L.   Park, B.-G.   Handler, G.   Medupe, R.   Wood, M.   Gonzalez Perez, J.   Hashimoto, O.   Kinugasa, K.   Taguchi, H.   Kambe, E.   Provencal, J.   Dreizler, S.   Schuh, S.   Leibowitz, E.   Lipkin, Y.   Zhang, X.-B.   Paparo, M.   Szeidl, B.   Virághalmy, G.   Zsuffa, D.  

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  • Fibre-reinforced intermetallic compounds by physical vapour deposition

    Wood, M.   Ward-Close, M.  

    This paper describes work on SiC fibre-reinforced γ-Tial and MoSi2 intermetallic matrix composites (IMCs). Electron beam evaporation and vapour mixing were used to matrix-coat SiC fibre with a thick layer of intermetallic compound, and these coated fibres were successfully fabricated into IMCs. Intermetallic compounds have attractive properties for high-temperature strucrual applications and have been the subject of much research effort in the last 10 years. Progress has been made in improving the ductility of these rather brittle materials, particularly with the titanium aluminides Ti3Al and TiAl, by alloying and thermomechanical processing. However, it is unlikely that monolithic intermetallics will have the right combination of ambient temperature ductility and high-temperature strength to allow widespread commercial application. Further progress depends on the development of engineered materials which exploit the combined potential of ceramics, intermetallics and metals to give an attractive balance of properties.
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