Single-virus tracking (SVT) technique, which uses microscopy to monitor the behaviors of viruses, is a vital tool to study the real-time and in situ infection dynamics and virus-related interactions in live cells. To make SVT a more versatile tool in biological research, the researchers have developed a quantum dot (QD)-based SVT technique, which can be utilized for long-term and highly sensitive tracking in live cells. In this review, we describe the development of a QD-based SVT technique and its biological applications. We first discuss the advantage of QDs as tags in the SVT field by comparing the conventional tags, and then focus on the implementation of QD-based SVT experiments, including the QD labeling strategy, instrumentation, and image analysis method. Next, we elaborate the recent advances of QD-based SVT in the biological field, and mainly emphasize the representative examples to show how to use this technique to acquire more meaningful biological information.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate intercellular communication by transferring cargo proteins and nucleic acids between cells. The pathophysiological roles and clinical value of EVs are under intense investigation, yet most studies are limited by technical challenges in the isolation of nanoscale EVs (nEVs). Here, we report a lipid-nanoprobe system that enables spontaneous labelling of nEVs for subsequent magnetic enrichment in 15 minutes, with isolation efficiency and cargo composition similar to what can be achieved by the much slower and bulkier method of ultracentrifugation. We also show that this approach allows for downstream analyses of nucleic acids and proteins, enabling the identification of EGFR and KRAS mutations following nEV isolation from the blood plasma of non-small-cell lung-cancer patients. The efficiency and versatility of the lipid-nanoprobe approach opens up opportunities in point-of-care cancer diagnostics.
In this paper, we tentatively assign the Y (4140), Y (4274) and X(4350) to be the scalar and tensor cs (c) over bar(s) over bar tetraquark states, respectively, and study them with the QCD sum rules. In the operator product expansion, we take into account the vacuum condensates up to dimension-10. In calculations, we use the formula mu =3D root M-X/Y/Z(2) - (2M(c))(2) to determine the energy scales of the QCD spectral densities. The numerical results favor assigning the Y (4140) to be the J(PC) =3D 2(++) diquark-antidiquark type tetraquark state, and disfavor assigning the Y (4274) and X (4350) to be the 0(++) or 2(++) tetraquark states.
In this article, we assign the Y(4390) and Y(4220) to be the vector molecular states D (D) over bar (1) (2420) and D*(D) over bar (0)* (2400), respectively, and study their masses and pole residues in detail with the QCD sum rules. The present calculations only favor assigning the Y(4390) to be the D (D) over bar (1) (1(--)) molecular state.
In this article, we study the charmed baryon states Lambda(c) (2625) and Xi(c) (2815) with the spin-parity 3/2(-) by subtracting the contributions from the corresponding charmed baryon states with the spin-parity 3/2(+) using the QCD sum rules, and suggest a formula mu =3D root M-Lambda c/Xi c(2) - M-c(2) with the effective mass M-c =3D 1.8 GeV to determine the energy scales of the QCD spectral densities, and make reasonable predictions for the masses and pole residues. The numerical results indicate that the Lambda(c) (2625) and Xi(c) (2815) have at least two remarkable under- structures.
In this paper, we establish the weighted sharp maximal function inequalities for the multilinear singular integral operators. As an application, we obtain the boundedness of the multilinear operators on weighted Lebesgue and Morrey spaces.
The main purpose of this paper is to introduce and investigate a certain subclass of meromorphic close-to-convex functions. Such results as coefficient inequalities, convolution property, inclusion relationship, distortion property, and radius of meromorphic convexity are derived.
Li, Jin-feng
Liu, Jia
Guo, Tao
Pang, Xin-lu
Liu, Lei
Feng, Yong-hua
Wang, Zhi-gang
Feng, Gui-wen
Shang, Wen-jun
To report clinical outcomes of kidney transplantation from pediatric brain and cardiac death donors (DBCD) in a single Chinese center and to investigate its feasibility to expand organ donor pool. 18 recipients, transplanted between August 2011 and October 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, receive a single graft from DBCD donors age ranged from 1.5 to 13 years old. Renal function expressed as serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen as well as eGFR values at 1, 2 weeks as well as 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-transplantation was evaluated. Graft size was also monitored at the same time by ultrasonography. In addition, delayed graft function, acute rejection, surgical complication as well as patient and graft survival were also assessed. The primary causes of DBCD donors included six cases of severe brain trauma and three cases of cerebral hemorrhage. The mean age of DBCD donors was (7.2 =C2=B1 3.4) years (range 1.5-13). The mean weight of DBCD donors was (29.8 =C2=B1 15.3) kilogram (range 13-67). The mean height of DBCD donors was (118.3 =C2=B1 27.8) centimeter (range 70-173). ECMO was applied to DBCD donors to avoid warm ischemia time and the applicating time was (79.8 =C2=B1 44.5) (range 32-180) minutes.There were seven males and 11 females recipients. Among which, 16 recipients were pediatrics and two recipients were adults. The mean age of the recipients was (14.6 =C2=B1 9.7) years (range 4-47). The mean weight of recipients was (31.9 =C2=B1 12.4) kilogram (range 11-54). The mean height of recipients was (138.0 =C2=B1 23.7) centimeter (range 84-172). Renal function recovered to normal within the first-week post-operation except one recipient which occurred acute rejection. Two cases of renal artery stenosis were found 2-week and 3-month post-transplantation, respectively. They subsequently underwent ballon angioplasty and followed up for 8 and 12 months, respectively, and no recurrence was found. One recipient developed ureteral leak. Five weeks later, the ureter leak healed after adequate drainage and prolongation of indwelling catheter. Graft size significantly and continuously increased during the first year, especially in the first 3-month post-transplantation. All the 18 recipients are alive at the last follow-up. Among which, 16 recipients are followed up for 12 months and 1-year recipient/graft survival rate is 100 %. The use of single kidney graft from pediatric DBCD could yield good short-term results.=20
In this article, I calculate the contributions of nuclear-matter-induced condensates up to dimension 5, take into account the next-to-leading order contributions of the nuclear-matter-induced quark condensate, study the properties of the scalar, pseudoscalar, vector, and axial-vector heavy mesons in nuclear matter with the QCD sum rules in a systematic way, and obtain the shifts of the masses and decay constants. Furthermore, I study the heavy-meson-nucleon scattering lengths as a byproduct, and conclude qualitatively about the possible existence of heavy-meson-nucleon bound states.