Vavra, O.
Pfaff, W.
Monaco, R.
Aprili, M.
Strunk, C.
We report on the experimental realization of a current-controllable lateral S-(S/F)-S Josephson junction based on the inverse proximity effect in the superconductor-ferromagnet bilayer (S/F). The dependence of the critical current on the magnetic field I-c(B) shows a Fresenel-like pattern, which could qualitatively be understood with the theory of Josephson junctions in a magnetic field gradient. The amplitude and the period of the I-c(B) pattern can be controlled by spin-polarized quasiparticles injection into the weak link. The period change suggests controllability of effective area of the Josephson junction. Furthermore, a temperature-induced transition from a weak-link behavior to a strong coupling between the superconducting banks is also observed in these lateral Josephson junctions. (C) 2013 American Institute of Physics. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4792213]
We search for theories, in general spacetime dimensions, thatwould incorporate a dilaton and higher powers of the scalar Ricci curvature such that they have exact S- or T-self-dualities. The theories we find are free of Ostrogradsky instabilities. We also show that within the framework we are confining ourselves, a theory of the form mentioned above cannot have both T- and S-dualities except for the case where the action is linear in the scalar curvature.
Miss P, Augusto G.
Resendis O, Lino F.
Tovar S, Luis M.
In this paper we develop the necessary tools to generalize the function spaces and introduced by Zhao in (Zhao, Ann Acad Sci Fenn Math Diss No 105, 1996) to the case of the monogenic functions defined in the unit ball of . Obtaining at the same time the generalization of monogenic spaces presented in (Gurlebeck et al., On spaces of quaternion-valued functions, 1999) and monogenic spaces in (El-Sayed Ahmed et al., Complex Var Elliptic Equ 51(2):119-136, 2006).
This year,China's economic development has been facing a complex situation.Although the first quarter started strongly,greater efforts are needed to consolidate this stable economic performance.How should we view the current development trend of China's economy? What targeted policies and measures have been adopted by the central government?How will China promote high-quality economic development amid external disturbances such as China-US economic and trade friction? These are the questions this article aims to explore and answer.
The British philosopher F. C. S. Schiller (1864-1937) was a leading pragmatist in the early twentieth century. His critiques of formal logic and his attempts to construct a humanist logic, derived from an anti-foundationalist humanism, are recognized as lasting philosophical achievements. But scholars have failed to consider that Schiller was passionately committed to the British eugenics movement. This essay explores the relationship between Schiller's pragmatism and his eugenicism. It argues that Schiller represents the broad scope of pragmatism in the early twentieth century through his involvements not only with eugenics, but also with psychical research as well. Underneath Schiller's various undertakings lies a common theme: the self, conceived in voluntaristic, historicist, and concrete terms. By tracing the trajectory of this theme in Schiller's thought, this essay demonstrates that Schiller's eugenicism was confined to the presuppositions of his pragmatist logic, which steered Schiller's eugenicism toward a distinctively nondeterministic and non-social-Darwinist kind.
C. Di Giorgio
F. Bobba
A. M. Cucolo
A. Scarfato
S. A. Moore
G. Karapetrov
D. D’Agostino
V. Novosad
V. Yefremenko
M. Iavarone
While Abrikosov vortices repel each other and form a uniform vortex lattice in bulk type-II superconductors, strong confinement potential profoundly affects their spatial distribution eventually leading to vortex cluster formation. The confinement could be induced by the geometric boundaries in mesoscopic-size superconductors or by the spatial modulation of the magnetic field in superconductor/ferromagnet (S/F) hybrids. Here we study the vortex confinement in S/F thin film heterostructures and we observe that vortex clusters appear near magnetization inhomogeneities in the ferromagnet, called bifurcations. We use magnetic force microscopy to image magnetic bifurcations and superconducting vortices, while high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy is used to obtain detailed information of the local electronic density of states outside and inside the vortex cluster. We find an intervortex spacing at the bifurcation shorter than the one predicted for the same superconductor in a uniform magnetic field equal to the thermodynamical upper critical field Hc2. This result is due to a local enhanced stray field and a competition between vortex-vortex repulsion and Lorentz force. Our findings suggest that special magnetic topologies could result in S/F hybrids that support superconductivity even when locally the vortex density exceeds the thermodynamic critical threshold value beyond which the superconductivity is destroyed.