Background: Miniature inverted-repeat transposable elements (MITEs) are short, nonautonomous DNA elements flanked by subterminal or terminal inverted repeats (TIRs) with no coding capacity. MITEs were originally recognized as important components of plant genomes, where they can attain extremely high copy numbers, and are also found in several animal genomes, including mosquitoes, fish and humans. So far, few MITEs have been described in Drosophila. Results: Herein we describe the distribution and evolution of Mar, a MITE family of hAT transposons, in Drosophilidae species. In silico searches and PCR screening showed that Mar distribution is restricted to the willistoni subgroup of the Drosophila species, and a phylogenetic analysis of Mar indicates that this element may have originated prior to the diversification of these species. Most of the Mar copies in D. willistoni present conserved target site duplications and TIRs, indicating recent mobilization of these sequences. We also identified relic copies of potentially full-length Mar transposon in D. tropicalis and D. willistoni. The phylogenetic relationship among transposases from the putative full-length Mar and other hAT superfamily elements revealed that Mar is placed into the recently determined Buster group of hAT transposons. Conclusion: On the basis of the obtained data, we can suggest that the origin of these Mar MITEs occurred before the subgroup willistoni speciation, which started about 5.7 Mya. The Mar relic transposase existence indicates that these MITEs originated by internal deletions and suggests that the full-length transposon was recently functional in D. willistoni, promoting Mar MITEs mobilization.

In this note we develop an extension of the Mar?enko-Pastur theorem to time series model with temporal correlations. The limiting spectral distribution (LSD) of the sample covariance matrix is characterised by an explicit equation for its Stieltjes transform depending on the spectral density of the time series. A numerical algorithm is then given to compute the density functions of these LSD’s.

Vehicle to grid (V2G) describes a system in which power can be fed back to the electrical power grid from an electric drive vehicle (EDV) when connected to the grid and not in use. Alternatively, when the vehicle batteries need to be charged, the flow can be reversed and electricity can be drawn from the electrical power grid to charge the battery. Taking into account the specific features of the EDV battery energy storage system, a MATLAB simulator has been developed by the authors to model the scenarios of V2G deployment within a daily power dispatch schedule. Different characteristics of EDV battery energy storage system and test scenarios can be set up by the user. The power networks modeled in the simulator are standard IEEE-30, -57 and -118 bus systems. The simulator provides a tool to investigate the effects of V2G implementation across a wide scope of the economic and technical issues, with respect to the physical power grid operation.

Jos=C3=A9 Mar=C3=ADa ("Chema") Cant=C3=BA (1938-2007), born in Mexico, was a pioneering, loved and respected leader in medical and human genetics and bioethics in Latin America. He graduated as a physician in Mexico and then trained in medical and human genetics in France and the United States. He was instrumental in developing a first-rate research, training and genetic services program in medical and human genetics in Guadalajara, in northwestern Mexico. He acted forcefully at national, regional and international levels to promote scientific development through collaboration and education in science and humanities, while he simultaneously strived for justice, peace, love and human rights. He attained some of the highest honors a scientist and humanist could aspire to as well as the recognition of the communities he served. Hundreds of disciples throughout Latin America and the world have been inspired by his vision of a better world through the conjunction of science, respect for humankind, ethics and love.=09

This paper presents a new multistage Comb-Cosine decimation filter with an improved magnitude response. The passband droop of the comb filter is decreased by using a simple 2M order compensation filter. Using multirate identity this filter can be moved to the low rate becoming a second order filter. Additionally, the attenuation in the folding bands is increased using cosine prefilters, which can also be moved to a lower rate. The first section is realized in nonrecursive form. Using the polyphase decomposition, the subfilters of the first section can be operated at a lower rate, which depends on the down-sampling factor of the first section. The resulting structure is multiplierless and does not have any filtering at the high input rate.

Highlights • The clinical presentation of mixed gonadal dysgenesia is known as criptorcidism and undesending testis. • Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesia with mosaism 45, X/46, X, +mark karyotype are rare case. • We present a rare patient case with mixed gonadal dysgenesis as a disorder of sex development (DSD) and a new pattern of chromosome in the karyotype, undergoing laparoscopic procedure for sex correction. Abstract Introduction We present a rare patient case with mixed gonadal dysgenesis as a disorder of sex development (DSD) and a new pattern of chromosome in the karyotype, 45, X/46, X, +mar(Y). Presentation of case A ten-year-old boy, raised in a nursery center, presented with ambiguous genitalia. Two cell lines, (45, X) and [46,X, +mar(Y)] were observed utilizing cytogenetic investigation including fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which were carried out on his peripheral lymphocytes. A significantly higher percentage (75%) of Y-containing cells was observed in the blood, which could be considered the major reason why the case did not have distinct ambiguous genitalia. A further explorative laparoscopic procedure was performed, during which orchiectomy was performed, and remnants of Müllerian duct were excised. Discussion A complete and sufficiently careful medical evaluation and genetics counseling of neonates is highly recommended in order to avoid any delayed insufficient diagnostic, conservative, and therapeutic care in children living with guardians rather than their biological parents. Both molecular and cytogenetic studies are recommended in some DSDs to help early diagnosis of the disease, which is important for further essential surgical approaches. Conclusion Cytogenetic studies followed by a laparoscopic exploratory and surgical survey are helpful tools for unraveling the mosaicism involving sex chromosomes and the complicated process in mixed gonadal dysgenesis patients.

Highlights • The clinical presentation of mixed gonadal dysgenesia is known as criptorcidism and undesending testis. • Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesia with mosaism 45, X/46, X, +mark karyotype are rare case. • We present a rare patient case with mixed gonadal dysgenesis as a disorder of sex development (DSD) and a new pattern of chromosome in the karyotype, undergoing laparoscopic procedure for sex correction. Abstract Introduction We present a rare patient case with mixed gonadal dysgenesis as a disorder of sex development (DSD) and a new pattern of chromosome in the karyotype, 45, X/46, X, +mar(Y). Presentation of case A ten-year-old boy, raised in a nursery center, presented with ambiguous genitalia. Two cell lines, (45, X) and [46,X, +mar(Y)] were observed utilizing cytogenetic investigation including fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which were carried out on his peripheral lymphocytes. A significantly higher percentage (75%) of Y-containing cells was observed in the blood, which could be considered the major reason why the case did not have distinct ambiguous genitalia. A further explorative laparoscopic procedure was performed, during which orchiectomy was performed, and remnants of Müllerian duct were excised. Discussion A complete and sufficiently careful medical evaluation and genetics counseling of neonates is highly recommended in order to avoid any delayed insufficient diagnostic, conservative, and therapeutic care in children living with guardians rather than their biological parents. Both molecular and cytogenetic studies are recommended in some DSDs to help early diagnosis of the disease, which is important for further essential surgical approaches. Conclusion Cytogenetic studies followed by a laparoscopic exploratory and surgical survey are helpful tools for unraveling the mosaicism involving sex chromosomes and the complicated process in mixed gonadal dysgenesis patients.