The joint Simon effect (JSE) is a spatial-compatibility effect that emerges when two people complete complementary components of a Simon task. In typical JSE studies, two participants sit beside each other and perform go-no-go tasks in which they respond to one of two stimuli by pressing a button. According to the action co-representation account, JSEs emerge because each participant represents their partner's response in addition to their own, causing the same conflicts in processing that would occur if an individual responded to both stimuli (i.e., as in a two-choice task). Because the response buttons are typically in front of participants, however, an alternative explanation is that JSEs are the result of a dimensional overlap between target and response locations coded with respect to another salient object (e.g., the co-actor's effector). To contrast these hypotheses, the participants in the present study completed two-choice and joint Simon tasks in which they were asked to focus on generating an aftereffect in the space contralateral to their response. Hommel (Psychological Research 55:270-279, 1993) previously reported that, when participants completed a two-choice task under such effect-focused instructions, spatial-compatibility effects emerged that were based on the aftereffect location instead of the response location. Consistent with the co-representation account, the results of the present study were that an inverse aftereffect-based (i.e., not a response-location-based) compatibility effect was observed in both the two-choice and joint tasks. The overall pattern of results does not fit with the spatial-coding account and is discussed in the context of the extant JSE literature.

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A computer-implemented system and method are disclosed for performing engineering review of energy consumption by one or more equipment. One or more computers are connected to a specifications database. The computers are configured to receive end-user configurations corresponding to first equipment; retrieve one or more second equipment, as well as second equipment specifications from the specifications database; calculate an invoicing statement for the second equipment; and provide an engineering review report of the energy savings realized by implementing the second equipment. The first equipment may be an existing equipment, while the second equipment is one or more energy-efficient replacement alternatives to the first equipment. Each step is performed in real-time, using automated software modules and sub-modules. The engineering review report is applicable as an instant approval or pre-approval, qualifying the end-user for purchase incentives, which apply when the energy-efficient equipment alternatives are adopted by the end-user.