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Now showing items 129 - 144 of 210

  • Recovery of diacetyl by pervaporation

    Rajagopalan, N.   Cheryan, M.   Matsuura, T.  

    The recovery and concentration of diacetyl from aqueous solutions by pervaporation was studied with a PDMS-PC membrane at 33 degree C. Flux decreased with partial pressure and increased with temperature and concentration of diacetyl. Selectivity values greater than 30 were obtained. Whey permeate components had no effect on pervaporation parameters.
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  • Pass transistor based gate array architecture

    Sasaki, Y.   Yano, K.   Hiraki, M.   Rikino, K.   Miyamoto, M.   Matsuura, T.   Nishida, T.   Seki, K.  

    This paper describes a completely new gate array architecture that fully exploits inherent advantages of pass transistor logic which a conventional architecture can not. In implementing SRAMs, our gate array achieves a 1.5 times higher density than a conventional gate array due to its different size transistors in the basic cell. An 8times8 b multiplier designed with this gate array using 0.4-mum CMOS process achieves a multiplication time of 12.7 ns and dissipates 480 muW with the supply voltage of 1.2 V. A 1.2 V 9 ns 1 kb SRAM was also designed with the same gate array
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  • New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array experiment

    Tokuno, H.   Tameda, Y.   Takeda, M.   Kadota, K.   Ikeda, D.   Chikawa, M.   Fujii, T.   Fukushima, M.   Honda, K.   Inoue, N.   Kakimoto, F.   Kawana, S.   Kido, E.   Matthews, J. N.   Nonaka, T.   Ogio, S.   Okuda, S.   Ozawa, S.   Sagawa, H.   Sakurai, N.   Shibata, T.   Taketa, A.   Thomas, S. B.   Tomida, T.   Tsunesada, Y.   Udo, S.   Abu-Zayyad, T.   Aida, R.   Allen, M.   Anderson, R.   Azuma, R.   Barcikowski, E.   Belz, J. W.   Bergman, D. R.   Blake, S. A.   Cady, R.   Cheon, B. G.   Chiba, J.   Cho, E. J.   Cho, W. R.   Fujii, H.   Fukuda, T.   Gorbunov, D.   Hanlon, W.   Hayashi, K.   Hayashi, Y.   Hayashida, N.   Hibino, K.   Hiyama, K.   Iguchi, T.   Ikuta, K.   Ishii, T.   Ishimori, R.   Ivanov, D.   Iwamoto, S.   Jui, C. C. H.   Kalashev, O.   Kanbe, T.   Kasahara, K.   Kawai, H.   Kawakami, S.   Kim, H. B.   Kim, H. K.   Kim, J. H.   Kim, J. H.   Kitamoto, K.   Kobayashi, K.   Kobayashi, Y.   Kondo, Y.   Kuramoto, K.   Kuzmin, V.   Kwon, Y. J.   Lim, S. I.   Machida, S.   Martens, K.   Martineau, J.   Matsuda, T.   Matsuura, T.   Matsuyama, T.   Myers, I.   Minamino, M.   Miyata, K.   Miyauchi, H.   Murano, Y.   Nakamura, T.   Nam, S. W.   Ohnishi, M.   Ohoka, H.   Oki, K.   Oku, D.   Oshima, A.   Park, I. H.   Pshirkov, M. S.   Rodriguez, D.   Roh, S. Y.   Rubtsov, G.   Ryu, D.   Sampson, A. L.   Scott, L. M.   Shah, P. D.   Shibata, F.   Shimodaira, H.   Shin, B. K.   Shin, J. I.   Shirahama, T.   Smith, J. D.   Sokolsky, P.   Sonley, T. J.   Springer, R. W.   Stokes, B. T.   Stratton, S. R.   Stroman, T.   Suzuki, S.   Takahashi, Y.   Takita, M.   Tanaka, H.   Tanaka, K.   Tanaka, M.   Thomson, G. B.   Tinyakov, P.   Tkachev, I.   Troitsky, S.   Tsutsumi, K.   Tsuyuguchi, Y.   Uchihori, Y.   Ukai, H.   Vasiloff, G.   Wada, Y.   Wong, T.   Wood, M.   Yamakawa, Y.   Yamaoka, H.   Yamazaki, K.   Yang, J.   Yoshida, S.   Yoshii, H.   Zollinger, R.   Zundel, Z.  

    Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The experiment includes a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence detector (FD) stations. The FD stations, installed surrounding the SD array, measure the air fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers (EASs) for precise determination of their energies and species. The detectors employed at one of the three FD stations were relocated from the High Resolution Fly's Eye (HiRes) experiment. At the other two stations, newly designed detectors were constructed for the TA experiment. An FD consists of a primary mirror and a camera equipped with photomultiplier tube pixels. To obtain the EAS parameters with high accuracy, understanding the FD optical characteristics is important. In this paper, we report the characteristics and installation of the new FDs and the performances of the FD components. The results of the monitored mirror reflectance during the observation time are also described in this report. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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  • J c derived from pinning potential on epitaxial Y 1Ba 2Cu 3O 7-X thin film

    Matsuura, T.   Itozaki, H.  

    The relation between the critical current density and the pinning potential of an epitaxial Y 1Ba 2Cu 3O 7-X thin film was investigated. The pinning potential was evaluated from the temperature dependence of the resistivity in various values of a magnetic field. Critical current density of the thin film was calculated using the obtained pinning potential. This calculated result was consistent with the critical current density measured by a four-probe method
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  • An adaptive generalized RAKE CDMA receiver for Layered Space Time Coded systems in multipath fading channels

    Matsuura, T.   Teekapakvisit, C.   Thumwarin, P.   Nugrahani, D.   Keovkolyan, T.  

    An adaptive generalized RAKE receiver for Layered Space Time Coded CDMA (LSTC-CDMA) system has been proposed in this paper. The proposed Generalized RAKE receiver; based on a joint adaptive iterative detection and decoding algorithm; adaptively mitigates the effect of multipath fading and cancels the system interferences such as Co-Channel Interference (CCI) and Multiple Access Interference (MAI). The Partially Filtered Gradient Least Means Square (PFGLMS) algorithm is used for both feed-forward filter and feedback filter in the adaptive detection in order to determine the weight coefficient of each finger element. The performance of the system is evaluated by simulation results for the various numbers of RAKE fingers in multipath Rayleigh fading channels.
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  • 3D position estimation of the motor unit from surface EMG signals

    Matsuura, T.   Maekawa, S.   Kotani, M.  

    This paper deals with an estimation problem of three-dimensional position of a motor unit(MU). When a MU is active, it produces an electrical signal called motor unit action potentials. This phenomenon is expressed by Poisson equation. We propose a method to estimate the depolarization position of MUs from the surface electromyogram using a finite element method and a steepest descent method. The simulation result show good agreement between the estimated position and real position.
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  • Relationship between real-time monitoring of the graft motility and mucosal histology in swine intestinal transplantation

    Matsuura, T.   Taguchi, T.   Hayashida, M.   Ogita, K.   Takada, N.   Nishirnoto, Y.   Taguchi, S.   Uesugi, T.   Kondo, T.   Hirose, R.   Suita, S.  

    We studied the correlation between the motility and the mucosal histology of the small bowel seeking to detect rejection in an early stage by real-time monitoring using a swine model. Intestinal transplantation (ITx) was performed orthotopically using FK506 immunosuppression. The distal about 20 cm segment of the allograft was exteriorized as a Thiry-Vella stoma for biopsies. Strain gauge (SG) force transducers were attached to the graft for real-time monitoring of graft motility. Pigs without ITx were used as controls (group 1). Rejection was classified into four groups by histologic findings: nonrejection (group 2), mild rejection (group 3), moderate rejection (group 4), and severe rejection (group 5). Migrating motor complex (MMC) phase III was analyzed for the following parameters: duration, amplitude, interval, motility index, velocity, and frequency of propagation. In group 2, all parameters were almost the same as those for group 1. In contrast, groups 4 and 5 showed most parameters significantly lower than those in group 1. In group 3, the contractility of the MMC was not significantly altered, but the frequency of the propagation was decreased significantly. In conclusion, graft motility detected by a real-time SG method correlated with the grade of mucosal histology. This method is useful to detect rejection at an early stage by examining the frequency of MMC propagation.
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  • Recovery and concentration of flavor compounds in apple essence by pervaporation.

    Zhang, S. Q.   Matsuura, T.  

    Recovery and concn. of flavour compounds from an apple essence (*500) were attempted by pervaporation using a silicone rubber (polydimethylsiloxane) membrane at room temp. Flavour components were identified by GC-MS, and the ratio of concn. of the flavour compounds in the permeate to that in the feed solution was determined for each component. Pervaporation was found to be an effective measure for concn. of flavour compounds in apple essence. [Concn. ratio (CR) depended on the b.p. of the flavour component.] CR above 20 were achieved for flavour components with b.p. <100degreesC.
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  • Background calibration algorithm for pipelined ADC with open-loop residue amplifier using split ADC structure

    Yagi, T.   Usui, K.   Matsuura, T.   Uemori, S.   Tan, Y.   Ito, S.   Kobayashi, H.  

    This paper describes a background calibration algorithm for a pipelined ADC with an open-loop amplifier using a Split ADC structure. The open-loop amplifier is employed as a residue amplifier in the first stage of the pipelined ADC to realize low power and high speed. However it suffers from nonlinearity, and hence needs calibration; conventional background calibration methods take a long time to converge. We investigated the split ADC structure for background calibration of the residue amplifier nonlinearity and gain error as well as the DAC nonlinearity all together with fast convergence, and validated its effectiveness by MATLAB simulation.
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  • 800 MHz frequency synthesizer and 145 MHz SAW FM modulator for 800 MHz cellular land mobile radio unit

    Urabe, S.   Yuki, S.   Matsuura, T.   Iwahashi, K.  

    This paper introduces an advanced 800 MHz direct-oscillation frequency; synthesizer and 145 MHz SAW FM modulator that do not use multipliers or mixers but instead uses four newly developed devices: An 800 MHz VCO; a 145 MHz SAW VCO; a two-modulus prescaler IC which is operational up to 1 GHz; and a C-MOS PLL LSL.
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  • Separation of macromolecular proteins and removal of humic acid by cellulose acetate modified UF membranes

    Kanagaraj, P.   Nagendran, A.   Rana, D.   Matsuura, T.  

    Surface modifying macromolecules (SMMs) were synthesized with various polyurethane pre polymers end-capped with different groups and blended into the casting solution of cellulose acetate (CA) to prepare surface modified ultra-filtration (UF) membranes for water filtration applications. The surface modification of the CA membranes was confirmed by the FTIR and static contact angle (SCA) measurements. The membranes so prepared had the typical characteristics of UF membranes as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Membrane properties were studied in terms of membrane compaction, percentage water content (%WC), pure water flux (PWF), membrane hydraulic resistance (R-m), molecular weight cut-off (MWCO), average pore size and porosity. The result showed that PWF, %WC, MWCO and pore size increased whereas the R-m decreased by the addition of SMMs. The significant effect of SMMs on the fouling by humic acid (HA) was also observed. It was found that the cSMM-3 membrane, in which SMM was synthesized with diethylene glycol (DEG) and hydroxyl benzene sulfonate (HBS) was blended, had the highest flux recovery ratio FRR (84.6%), as well as the lowest irreversible fouling (15.4%), confirming their improved antifouling properties. Thus, the SMM modified CA membranes had proven, to play an important role in the water treatment by UF. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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  • Preparation and characterization of novel hydrophobic/hydrophilic polyetherimide composite membranes for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation

    Qtaishat, M.   Rana, D.   Khayet, M.   Matsuura, T.  

    Two different types of hydrophobic surface modifying macromolecules (SMMs) were synthesized and characterized for fluorine content, average molecular weight and glass transition temperature. The synthesized SMMs were blended into polyetherimide (PEI) hydrophilic host polymer to form porous hydrophobic/hydrophilic composite membranes by the phase inversion method. The prepared membranes were characterized by the contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy test, gas permeation test, liquid entry pressure of water and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, these membranes were tested for desalination by direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD). Different parameters affecting the membrane preparation process were studied and their effects on the membrane morphology as well as on the membrane performance in clesalination by DCMD were identified. These parameters include the SMMs type, SMMs concentration, solvent type and solvent evaporation time before gelation. An attempt to link the membrane morphology to its performance in DCMD is presented. This leads to better understanding of the effect of the membrane preparation on its performance. it was found that increasing the solvent evaporation time before gelation decreased the membrane flux since smaller pore sizes were observed. The membranes with higher contact angles and fluorine contents (more hydrophobic) exhibited smaller permeate fluxes. The membranes having sponge-like structures at the hydrophilic layer exhibited higher fluxes than those having finger-like structure at the hydrophilic layer. Moreover, the results were compared to a commercial polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane. It was observed that most of the SMMs blended PEI membranes achieved better DCMD fluxes than those of the commercial membrane. A permeate flux 55% higher than that of PTFE was achieved. For both PTFE commercial membrane and all SMMs blended PEI membranes, the NaCl separation factor was found to be higher than 99% except for the PEI membrane prepared without SMMs. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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  • Development and characterization of novel charged surface modification macromolecule to polyethersulfone hollow fiber membrane with polyvinylpyrrolidone and water RID A-7061-2011

    Bolong, N.   Ismail, A. F.   Salim, M. R.   Rana, D.   Matsuura, T.  

    Polyethersulfone (PES) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated using water and polyvillylpyrrolidone as additives and N-methyl pyrrolidinone as solvent. Asymmetric hollow fiber membranes were spun by the dry-wet phase inversion method. A charged surface modifying macromolecule (cSMM) was synthesized and blended into the FES dope. The modification of FES hollow fiber membranes with cSMM was evaluated via contact angle measurement, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR) and ionic solute separation performance. Experimental results showed that pure water permeation flux was increased by surface modification with the blended cSMM, which at the same time produced higher ionic solute rejection. From the FESEM, a small increase in the thickness of the hollow fiber outer layer was noticed when the surface was modified by cSMM blending. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in the overall membrane morphology between the membranes with and without cSMM blending, indicating that the morphology of the base polymer remained practically unchanged. On the other hand, DSC scan and FTIR analysis confirmed the miscibility of cSMM with PES and the presence of cSMM's functional group, respectively. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All Fights reserved.
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  • Substrate orientation dependence of self-limited atomic-layer etching of Si with chlorine adsorption and low-energy Ar + irradiation

    Suzue, K.   Matsuura, T.   Murota, J.   Sawada, Y.   Ohmi, T.  

    The self-limited atomic-layer etching of Si(100), (111), (110) and (211) has been investigated by alternated chlorine adsorption and low-energy Ar + ion irradiation using an ultraclean electron cyclotron resonance apparatus. The etch rate per cycle is described by a Langmuir-type equation with the etch rate in saturation and the chlorine adsorption rate for each substrate orientation. There is a possibility that the etch rate per cycle in saturation is expressed by a well-regulated fractional number of the atomic-layer thickness. It has been found that the chlorine radicals are dominant adsorption species in the present experimental conditions, and that the sticking probabilities of chlorine radicals are almost independent of the substrate orientation. In XPS measurements, peaks of Si + have been observed, but neither of Si 2+ nor Si 3+ on the chlorine adsorbed surface and the adsorbed chlorine layer has been estimated to be as thin as about one monolayer. It has been proposed that the atomic-layer etch rate per cycle in saturation is explained by a simple equation considering the bond structure of each substrate surface
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  • Study of the light-trapping effects of textured ZnO : Al/glass structure TCO for improving photocurrent of a-Si : H solar cells

    Sobajima, Y.   Kato, S.   Matsuura, T.   Toyama, T.   Okamoto, H.  

    Effects of using ZnO:Al (AZO) transparent conducting oxide films on the performance of the hydrogenated amorphous Si (a-Si:H) solar cells are studied. AZO films are prepared by the sol-gel method. Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) in vacuum of these films results in a decrease in resistivity. AZO films exhibit a high transmittance in the visible region and excellent resistance against hydrogen radical exposure. The light-trapping effect is proven by a measured decrease in the transmittance and reflectance spectra of the textured AZO/glass structure with a RMS roughness of 67.5 nm. It is concluded that highly textured AZO/glass structures enhance the photocurrent in a-Si:H-based thin film solar cells.
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  • A 240-Mbps, 1-W CMOS EPRML read-channel LSI chip using an interleaved subranging pipeline A/D converter

    Matsuura, T.   Nara, T.   Komatsu, T.   Imaizumi, E.   Horita, R.   Katsu, H.   Suzumura, S.   Sato, K.  

    A 3.3-V, 1-W, 240-Mbps extended-partial-response maximum-likelihood read/write-channel large-scale-integration chip for hard disk drives has been developed. Power consumption of 1 W was achieved by using a 3.3-V power supply, a 0.4-mum CMOS process, and a 3.3-V CMOS analog circuit design. Our approach to achieving a high transfer rate of 240 Mbps was to develop an interleaved subranging pipeline lookahead analog/digital (A/D) converter architecture. The power consumption of this A/D converter is 200 mW at 255 MHz. The read-mode channel path combines an acquisition-mode analog phase-locked loop (PLL) and a tracking-mode precision digital PLL, enabling the use of a long-latency pipeline A/D converter in the digital PLL. Consequently, a bit error rate of 10**(-9) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 24.5 dB has been achieved
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