The eigenmodes of the Poincare dodecahedral 3-manifold M are constructed as eigenstates of a novel invariant operator. The topology of M is characterized by the homotopy group pi(1), (M), given by loop composition on M, and by the isomorphic group of deck transformations deck((M) over tilde) acting on the universal cover (M) over tilde. (pi(1) (M), (M) over tilde) are known to be the binary icosahedral group H(3) and the sphere S(3), respectively. Taking S3 as the group manifold SU(2, C) it is shown that deck((M) over tilde) similar to H(3)(r) acts on SU(2, C) by right multiplication. A semidirect product group is constructed from H(3)(r) as a normal subgroup and from a second group H(3)(c) which provides the icosahedral symmetries of M. Based on F Klein's fundamental icosahedral H(3) -invariant, we construct a novel Hermitian H(3) -invariant polynomial (generalized Casimir) operator K. Its eigenstates with eigenvalues kappa quantize a complete orthogonal basis on Poincare's dodecahedral 3-manifold. The eigenstates of lowest degree lambda = 12 are 12 partners of Klein's invariant polynomial. The analysis has applications in cosmic topology [15, 18]. If the Poincare 3-manifold M is assumed to model the space part of a cosmos, the observed temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background must admit an expansion in eigenstates of K.
Bruns, E. A.
El Haddad, I.
Keller, A.
Klein, F.
Kumar, N. K.
Pieber, S. M.
Corbin, J. C.
Slowik, J. G.
Brune, W. H.
Baltensperger, U.
Prevot, A. S. H.
A variety of tools are used to simulate atmospheric aging, including smog chambers and flow reactors. Traditional, large-scale smog chambers age emissions over the course of hours to days, whereas flow reactors rapidly age emissions using high oxidant concentrations to reach higher degrees of oxygenation than typically attained in smog chamber experiments. The atmospheric relevance of the products generated under such rapid oxidation warrants further study. However, no previously published studies have compared the yields and chemical composition of products generated in flow reactors and smog chambers from the same starting mixture. The yields and composition of the organic aerosol formed from the photo-oxidation of alpha-pinene and of wood-combustion emissions in a smog chamber (SC) and two flow reactors: a potential aerosol mass reactor (PAM) and a micro-smog chamber (MSC), were determined using aerosol mass spectrometry. Reactants were sampled from the SC and aged in the MSC and the PAM using a range of hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations and then photo-chemically aged in the SC. The chemical composition, as well as the maximum yields and emission factors, of the products in both the alpha-pinene and wood-combustion systems determined with the PAM and the SC agreed reasonably well. High OH exposures have been shown previously to lower yields by breaking carbon-carbon bonds and forming higher volatility species, which reside largely in the gas phase; however, fragmentation in the PAM was not observed. The yields determined using the PAM for the alpha-pinene system were slightly lower than in the SC, possibly from increased wall losses of gas phase species due to the higher surface area to volume ratios in the PAM, even when offset with better isolation of the sampled flow from the walls. The alpha-pinene SOA results for the MSC were not directly comparable, as particles were smaller than the optimal AMS transmission range. The higher supersaturation in the flow reactors resulted in more nucleation than in the SC. For the wood-combustion system, emission factors measured from the MSC were typically lower than those measured from the SC. Lower emission factors in the MSC may have been due to considerable nucleation mode particles formed in the MSC which were not detected by the AMS or due to condensational loss of gases to the walls inside or after the MSC. More comprehensive coverage of the potential particle size range is needed in future SOA measurements to improve our understanding of the differences in yields when comparing the MSC to the SC. The PAM and the SC agreed within measurement uncertainties in terms of yields and composition for the systems and conditions studied here and this agreement supports the continued use of the PAM to study atmospheric aging.
Abbon, P.
Albrecht, E.
Alexakhin, V. Yu.
Alexandrov, Yu.
Alexeev, G. D.
Alekseev, M. G.
Amoroso, A.
Angerer, H.
Anosov, V. A.
Badelek, B.
Balestra, F.
Ball, J.
Barth, J.
Baum, G.
Becker, M.
Bedfer, Y.
Berglund, P.
Bernet, C.
Bertini, R.
Bettinelli, M.
Birsa, R.
Bisplinghoff, J.
Bordalo, P.
Bosteels, M.
Bradamante, F.
Braem, A.
Bravar, A.
Bressan, A.
Brona, G.
Burtin, E.
Bussa, M. P.
Bytchkov, V. N.
Chalifour, M.
Chapiro, A.
Chiosso, M.
Ciliberti, P.
Cicuttin, A.
Colantoni, M.
Colavita, A. A.
Costa, S.
Crespo, M. L.
Cristaudo, P.
Dafni, T.
d'Hose, N.
Dalla Torre, S.
d'Ambrosio, C.
Das, S.
Dasgupta, S. S.
Delagnes, E.
De Masi, R.
Deck, P.
Dedek, N.
Demchenko, D.
Denisov, O. Yu.
Dhara, L.
Diaz, V.
Dibiase, N.
Dinkelbach, A. M.
Dolgopolov, A. V.
Donati, A.
Donskov, S. V.
Dorofeev, V. A.
Doshita, N.
Durand, D.
Duic, V.
Duennweber, W.
Efremov, A.
Eversheim, P. D.
Eyrich, W.
Faessler, M.
Falaleev, V.
Fauland, P.
Ferrero, A.
Ferrero, L.
Finger, M.
Finger, M., Jr.
Fischer, H.
Franco, C.
Franz, J.
Fratnik, F.
Friedrich, J. M.
Frolov, V.
Fuchs, U.
Garfagnini, R.
Gatignon, L.
Gautheron, F.
Gavrichtchouk, O. P.
Gerassimov, S.
Geyer, R.
Gheller, J. M.
Giganon, A.
Giorgi, M.
Gobbo, B.
Goertz, S.
Gorin, A. M.
Gougnaud, F.
Grabmueller, S.
Grajek, O. A.
Grasso, A.
Grube, B.
Gruenemaier, A.
Guskov, A.
Haas, F.
Hagemann, R.
Hannappel, J.
von Harrach, D.
Hasegawa, T.
Heckmann, J.
Hedicke, S.
Heinsius, F. H.
Hermann, R.
Hess, C.
Hinterberger, F.
von Hodenberg, M.
Horikawa, N.
Horikawa, S.
Horn, I.
Ilgner, C.
Ioukaev, A. I.
Ishimoto, S.
Ivanchin, I.
Ivanov, O.
Iwata, T.
Jahn, R.
Janata, A.
Joosten, R.
Jouravlev, N. I.
Kabuss, E.
Kalinnikov, V.
Kang, D.
Karstens, F.
Kastaun, W.
Ketzer, B.
Khaustov, G. V.
Khokhlov, Yu. A.
Kiefer, J.
Kisselev, Yu.
Klein, F.
Klimaszewski, K.
Koblitz, S.
Koivuniemi, J. H.
Kolosov, V. N.
Komissarov, E. V.
Kondo, K.
Koenigsmann, K.
Konoplyannikov, A. K.
Konorov, I.
Konstantinov, V. F.
Korentchenko, A. S.
Korzenev, A.
Kotzinian, A. M.
Koutchinski, N. A.
Kouznetsov, O.
Kowalik, K.
Kramer, D.
Kravchuk, N. P.
Krivokhizhin, G. V.
Kroumchtein, Z. V.
Kubart, J.
Kuhn, R.
Kukhtin, V.
Kunne, F.
Kurek, K.
Kuzmin, N. A.
Lamanna, M.
Le Goff, J. M.
Leberig, M.
Lednev, A. A.
Lehmann, A.
Levinski, V.
Levorato, S.
Lyashenko, V. I.
Lichtenstadt, J.
Liska, T.
Ludwig, I.
Maggiora, A.
Maggiora, M.
Magnon, A.
Mallot, G. K.
Mann, A.
Manuilov, I. V.
Marchand, C.
Marroncle, J.
Martin, A.
Marzec, J.
Masek, L.
Massmann, F.
Matsuda, T.
Matthiae, D.
Maximov, A. N.
Menon, G.
Meyer, W.
Mielech, A.
Mikhailov, Yu. V.
Moinester, M. A.
Molinie, F.
Mota, F.
Mutter, A.
Nagel, T.
Naehle, O.
Nassalski, J.
Neliba, S.
Nerling, F.
Neyret, D.
Niebuhr, M.
Niinikoski, T.
Nikolaenko, V. I.
Nozdrin, A. A.
Olshevsky, A. G.
Ostrick, M.
Padee, A.
Pagano, P.
Panebianco, S.
Parsamyan, B.
Panzieri, D.
Paul, S.
Pawlukiewicz, B.
Pereira, H.
Peshekhonov, D. V.
Peshekhonov, V. D.
Piedigrossi, D.
Piragino, G.
Platchkov, S.
Platzer, K.
Pochodzalla, J.
Polak, J.
Polyakov, V. A.
Pontecorvo, G.
Popov, A. A.
Pretz, J.
Procureur, S.
Quintans, C.
Rajotte, J.-F.
Ramos, S.
Razaq, I.
Rebourgeard, P.
Reggiani, D.
Reicherz, G.
Richter, A.
Robinet, F.
Rocco, E.
Rondio, E.
Ropelewski, L.
Rousse, J. Y.
Rozhdestvensky, A. M.
Ryabchikov, D.
Samartsev, A. G.
Samoylenko, V. D.
Sandacz, A.
Merce, M. Sans
Santos, H.
Sapozhnikov, M. G.
Sauli, F.
Savin, I. A.
Schiavon, P.
Schill, C.
Schmid, T.
Schmitt, H.
Schmitt, L.
Schoenmeier, P.
Schroeder, W.
Seeharsch, D.
Seimetz, M.
Setter, D.
Shaligin, A.
Shevchenko, O. Yu.
Shishkin, A. A.
Siebert, H.-W.
Silva, L.
Simon, F.
Sinha, L.
Sissakian, A. N.
Slunecka, M.
Smirnov, G. I.
Sora, D.
Sosio, S.
Sozzi, F.
Srnka, A.
Stinzing, F.
Stolarski, M.
Sugonyaev, V. P.
Sulc, M.
Sulej, R.
Tarte, G.
Takabayashi, N.
Tchalishev, V. V.
Tessaro, S.
Tessarotto, F.
Teufel, A.
Thers, D.
Tkatchev, L. G.
Toeda, T.
Tokmenin, V. V.
Trippel, S.
Urban, J.
Valbuena, R.
Venugopal, G.
Virius, M.
Vlassov, N. V.
Vossen, A.
Wagner, M.
Webb, R.
Weise, E.
Weitzel, Q.
Wiedner, U.
Wiesmann, M.
Windmolders, R.
Wirth, S.
Wislicki, W.
Wollny, H.
Zanetti, A. M.
Zaremba, K.
Zavertyaev, M.
Zhao, J.
Ziegler, R.
Ziembicki, M.
Zlobin, Y. L.
Zvyagin, A.
The COMPASS experiment makes use of the CERN SPS high-intensity muon and hadron beams for the investigation of the nucleon spin structure and the spectroscopy of hadrons. One or more outgoing particles are detected in coincidence with the incoming muon or hadron. A large polarised target inside a superconducting solenoid is used for the measurements with the muon beam. Outgoing particles are detected by a two-stage, large angle and large momentum range spectrometer. The setup is built using several types of tracking detectors, according to the expected incident rate, required space resolution and the solid angle to be covered. Particle identification is achieved using a RICH counter and both hadron and electromagnetic calorimeters. The setup has been successfully operated from 2002 onwards using a muon beam. Data with a hadron beam were also collected in 2004. This article describes the main features and performances of the spectrometer in 2004; a short summary of the 2006 upgrade is also given. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Alekseev, M. G.
Alexakhin, V. Yu
Alexandrov, Yu
Alexeev, G. D.
Amoroso, A.
Austregesilo, A.
Badelek, B.
Balestra, F.
Ball, J.
Barth, J.
Baum, G.
Bedfer, Y.
Bernhard, J.
Bertini, R.
Bettinelli, M.
Birsa, R.
Bisplinghoff, J.
Bordalo, P.
Bradamante, F.
Bravar, A.
Bressan, A.
Brona, G.
Burtin, E.
Bussa, M. P.
Chaberny, D.
Cotic, D.
Chiosso, M.
Chung, S. U.
Cicuttin, A.
Colantoni, M.
Crespo, M. L.
Dalla Torre, S.
Das, S.
Dasgupta, S. S.
Denisov, O. Yu
Dhara, L.
Diaz, V.
Donskov, S. V.
Doshita, N.
Duic, V.
Duennweber, W.
Efremov, A.
El Alaoui, A.
Eversheim, P. D.
Eyrich, W.
Faessler, M.
Ferrero, A.
Filin, A.
Finger, M.
Finger, M., Jr.
Fischer, H.
Franco, C.
Friedrich, J. M.
Garfagnini, R.
Gautheron, F.
Gavrichtchouk, O. P.
Gazda, R.
Gerassimov, S.
Geyer, R.
Giorgi, M.
Gnesi, I.
Gobbo, B.
Goertz, S.
Grabmueller, S.
Grasso, A.
Grube, B.
Gushterski, R.
Guskov, A.
Haas, F.
von Harrach, D.
Hasegawa, T.
Heinsius, F. H.
Hermann, R.
Herrmann, F.
Hess, C.
Hinterberger, F.
Horikawa, N.
Hoeppner, Ch
d'Hose, N.
Ilgner, C.
Ishimoto, S.
Ivanov, O.
Ivanshin, Yu
Iwata, T.
Jahn, R.
Jasinski, P.
Jegou, G.
Joosten, R.
Kabuss, E.
Kaefer, W.
Kang, D.
Ketzer, B.
Khaustov, G. V.
Khokhlov, Yu A.
Kisselev, Yu
Klein, F.
Klimaszewski, K.
Koblitz, S.
Koivuniemi, J. H.
Kolosovu, V. N.
Kondo, K.
Koenigsmann, K.
Konopka, R.
Konorov, I.
Konstantinov, V. F.
Korzenev, A.
Kotzinian, A. M.
Kouznetsov, O.
Kowalik, K.
Kraemer, M.
Kral, A.
Kroumchtein, Z. V.
Kuhn, R.
Kunne, F.
Kurek, K.
Lauser, L.
Le Goff, J. M.
Lednev, A. A.
Lehmann, A.
Levorato, S.
Lichtenstadt, J.
Liska, T.
Maggiora, A.
Maggiora, M.
Magnon, A.
Mallot, G. K.
Mann, A.
Marchand, C.
Marroncle, J.
Martin, A.
Marzec, J.
Massmann, F.
Matsuda, T.
Meyer, W.
Michigami, T.
Mikhailov, Yu V.
Moinester, M. A.
Mutter, A.
Nagaytsev, A.
Nagel, T.
Nassalski, J.
Negrini, T.
Nerling, F.
Neubert, S.
Neyret, D.
Nikolaenko, V. I.
Nunes, A. S.
Olshevsky, A. G.
Ostrick, M.
Padee, A.
Panknin, R.
Panzieri, D.
Parsamyan, B.
Paul, S.
Pawlukiewicz-Kaminska, B.
Perevalova, E.
Pesaro, G.
Peshekhonov, D. V.
Piragino, G.
Platchkov, S.
Pochodzalla, J.
Polak, J.
Polyakov, V. A.
Pontecorvo, G.
Pretz, J.
Quintans, C.
Rajotte, J. -F.
Ramos, S.
Rapatsky, V.
Reicherz, G.
Richter, A.
Robinet, F.
Rocco, E.
Rondio, E.
Ryabchikov, D. I.
Samoylenko, V. D.
Sandacz, A.
Santos, H.
Sapozhnikov, M. G.
Sarkar, S.
Savin, I. A.
Sbrizzai, G.
Schiavon, P.
Schill, C.
Schlueter, T.
Schmitt, L.
Schopferer, S.
Schroeder, W.
Shevchenko, O. Yu
Siebert, H. -W.
Silva, L.
Sinha, L.
Sissakian, A. N.
Slunecka, M.
Smirnov, G. I.
Sosio, S.
Sozzi, F.
Srnka, A.
Stolarski, M.
Sulc, M.
Sulej, R.
Takekawa, S.
Tessaro, S.
Tessarotto, F.
Teufel, A.
Tkatchev, L. G.
Uhl, S.
Uman, I.
Virius, M.
Vlassov, N. V.
Vossen, A.
Weitzel, Q.
Windmolders, R.
Wislicki, W.
Wollny, H.
Zaremba, K.
Zavertyaev, M.
Zemlyanichkina, E.
Ziembicki, M.
Zhao, J.
Zhuravlev, N.
Zvyagin, A.
The inclusive double-spin asymmetry. A(1)(p), has been measured at COMPASS in deep-inelastic polarised muon scattering off a large polarised NH(3) target. The data, collected in the year 2007, cover the range Q(2) > 1 (GeV/c)(2), 0.004 < x < 0.7 and improve the statistical precision of g(1)(p)(x) by a factor of two in the region x < 0.02. The new proton asymmetries are combined with those previously published for the deuteron to extract the non-singlet spin-dependent structure function g(1)(NS)(x. Q(2)). The isovector quark density, Delta q(3)(x, Q(2)), is evaluated from a NLO QCD fit of g(1)(NS). The first moment of Delta q(3) is in good agreement with the value predicted by the Bjorken sum rule and corresponds to a ratio of the axial and vector coupling constants vertical bar g(A)/g(V)vertical bar = 1.28 +/- 0.07 (stat.) +/- 0.10 (syst.). (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.