The present disclosure relates to a 5G or a pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data rate following 4G communication systems such as LTE. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method of a base station includes: checking an operation mode depending on whether beam sweeping is supported, transmitting a signal related to the operation mode to a terminal, and performing communication with the terminal according to the operation mode.

The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system to be provided to support a higher data transmission rate since 4G communication systems like LTE. The present disclosure relates to a method for providing control information for different services of a base station. A method of a first terminal includes: receiving control information; identifying a control channel for the first terminal based on the control information; and decoding information received in the control channel for the first terminal based on superposition transmission related information included in the control information.

The present invention relates to a transmit diversity method for FQAM and an apparatus therefor. According to the present invention, a transmit diversity method for FQAM and an apparatus therefor are provided, the transmit diversity method comprising the steps of: modulating data into at least one FQAM symbol; interleaving a plurality of tones constituting the at least one FQAM symbol such that tones having the same index are located in adjacent resources; and transmitting the at least one interleaved FQAM symbol through at least one transceving unit.

Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for estimating channel information. A terminal estimates a channel coefficient for each of subcarriers included in each symbol of the received signals, calculates power of the received signal matched to each of the subcarriers, calculates an interference estimation parameter for each of the subcarriers based on the power of the received signal matched to each of the subcarriers and based on power of a channel coefficient for a subcarrier on which the received signal has maximum power among the subcarriers, and calculates a non-Gaussian characteristic parameter of an interference signal related to the received signals based on the interference estimation parameters calculated for the subcarriers of all the symbols of the received signals.

The present disclosure relates to a method and device for providing different services in a mobile communication system. In an embodiment, a base station sets interference influence information including information about interference of a second signal of a second system using a second TTI with regard to a first signal of a first system using a first transmission time interval (TTI). Also, the base station transmits the first signal of the first system to a terminal, and transmits the interference influence information to the terminal in a predetermined time. In a situation where different services coexist, an HARQ retransmission technique is provided for effectively overcoming a transmission failure caused by influence of interference between services.

In this study, the deterioration factors that affect the damage on the bridge deck slab wrapped with existing asphalt were estimated and analyzed to identify the final deterioration factors and a damage rate estimation equation was proposed that would predict the extent of damage on the bridge deck slab. Information on a total of 1219 bridges nationwide scale was collected through the GPR system, eight deterioration factors were derived, including number of days of de-icing chemical, de-icing chemical usage, the daily de-icing chemical usage, de-icing chemical usage compared with standard, snowfall, number of snowy days, the altitude, and the number of freeze-thaw days. In addition, through a correlation analysis between the respective deterioration factors and the damage rate of the bridge deck slab, the upper and lower lines were derived. The estimation equation of the damage rate on the bridge deck slab as suggested by this study can be used as a basic data for performing repair and reinforcement at an appropriate time by estimating the damages on the bridge deck slab, accordingly, it is expected to provide priority for repair and reinforcement work, and to citify out effective bridge maintenance as an appropriate amount of budget can be doubled.

The Samsan Bridge connects Ganghwa Island and Incheon in the mid-western region of South Korea. The country is making an effort to improve access to the island from its major cities, and the construction of the bridge is part of that process. External factors such as wind waves, tide currents, currents, and scour depths around piers should be considered in the construction of a bridge. In order to obtain scour depth values around bridge piers, this study conducted numerical simulations on morphological changes using the SADEM (SAnd Deposit and Erosion Model). The morphological changes were calculated by solving the conservation of sediment transport equation. A field measurement was performed at the Seokmo channel in the Han River estuary (South Korea) to verify the numerical results. A 153x210 grid system with a coarse grid size of 22.8 x 30 km was used in the SADEM. The maximum stream velocities of 10, 50, and 100-year flood return periods during the ebb tide contributes to sediment mobilization in the Seokmo channel. The maximum scour depth was calculated to be 9 m around the central bridges pier during the flood ebb for the 100-year return period. This was due to the upstream discharge during river flooding. The results of the numerical simulations are expected to be objective indicators of optimal design, construction, and future maintenance of the Samsan Bridge.

A study was conducted to determine the optimal mix design for polysulfide polymer concrete (PPC). Two stage binder tests and polymer concrete mixing tests were carried out for this purpose. The optimal mixing ratio was determined from the test results. In addition, the strength and freeze-thaw resistance of specimens produced using the optimal mixing ratio were evaluated. The results of the strength tests showed that the specimens satisfied the strength requirements of the relevant design codes. Repeated freezing and thawing significantly decreased the mechanical strength of the specimens but had an insignificant effect on the specimens' relative dynamic modulus of elasticity (RDME). It was found that more than 300 freeze-thaw cycles could cause a problem for PPC in terms of its strength. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The present disclosure relates to a 5th generation (5G) or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate beyond a 4th generation (4G) communication system such as long term evolution (LTE). An operation method of a base station in a wireless communication system comprises the steps of: reallocating a resource, which has been allocated to a first service, to a second service in order to provide the second service; transmitting control information related to at least one reference signal punctured for reallocation of the resource; and transmitting the at least one punctured reference signal via a resource different from the resource having been allocated to the second service.

AELIS (Aquatic Environment Life-saving Integrated System) is designed to monitor the high profiles of drowning and the swimmers approaching the swimming boundary lines in real time in order to prevent accidents in the water environment and maintain high standard of the safety. It also detects the swimmers who attempt to get in the water without lifeguards at night, which has high possibility of drowning. The system automatically recognize the potential danger in the blind spots where lifeguards hardly manage. AELIS proactively reduces the risk of life-threatening accidents and supports fast rescue by paging to the lifeguards and safety officers of the facilities. AELIS utilizes an image perception algorithm to detect violation of swimming boundaries and keep tracking of swimmers during its operation. The system is developed based on intelligent video surveillance algorithm, the CCTV, and Geographical Information System (GIS), which enables real time warning to the safety operators in the aquatic environment.

Rip currents are well-known in South Korea. Between July and August 2012, rescue workers covering Busan's beaches were on high alert for rip currents. Rescuers pay particular attention to Haeundae Beach near the Paradise Hotel because it is the frequent site of these currents. In July and August of 2012, 62 fast-moving rip currents were observed with maximum speeds of 2.5 m/s. During this period 187 people were rescued at Haeundae Beach after being dragged into deeper waters by these currents; fortunately, no casualties were reported. Authorities caution that ideal weather conditions for rip currents will persist, so this phenomenon could occur again at any time. In response to this public safety threat, the Korean Meteorological Administration plans to implement automatic monitoring systems for forecasting rip current generation at Haeundae Beach. In this study, we propose an approach for mapping the rip current risk to improve safety management at Haeundae Beach. First, we determine the spatial occurrence rate of rip currents using a field monitoring system based on closed-circuit television (CCTV) images and the Haeundae Current Model (HAECUM) rip current prediction system; the velocity and direction of the rip currents are also considered. This information is then combined with vulnerability factors such as the distribution of beachgoers and the capacity of lifeguards to produce a risk assessment map of rip currents at Haeundae Beach.

The present disclosure relates to 5G or pre-5G communication systems capable of achieving much higher data rates than 4G communication systems like LTE systems. A method for a base station to provide different services may include determining overlap related information for a first terminal of a first system employing a first transmission time interval (TTI) and a second terminal of a second system employing a second TTI different from the first TTI. The method may also include transmitting scheduling information containing the overlap related information to the first terminal and the second terminal and transmitting data to the first terminal and the second terminal based on the overlap related information.

The effect of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) plates, to which a peel-ply was fastened to increase their bonding area, on the behavior of strengthened concrete beams was investigated. A total of six concrete beams were tested. For the FRP plates, aramid-fiber-reinforced polymer (AFRP) ones were used. The test variables included their surface treatment (smooth and deformed), the depth of removal of concrete cover (0 and 10 mm), and the number of the plates. Each beam was tested in four-point bending under displacement control up to failure. Based on the experimental results obtained, the effect of the peel-plied AFRP plates on the flexural behavior of the concrete beams was evaluated.

The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transmission rate since 4G communication systems like LTE. A method for transmitting heterogeneous service data from a base station which is a method for transmitting data, comprising: a controller configured to control to allocate a first resource by scheduling to provide the first service data to the first terminal, identify whether the second service data to be transmitted to the first terminal or the second terminal is generated using at least some of the first resource during the transmission of the first service data to the first terminal using the first resource, transmit the second service data by allocating the second service data to at least some of the first resource if the second service data is generated, and configure and transmit the second service data to notify the transmission of the second service data at an indication information transmission time of a time closest to a transmission time of the second service data among next times including the transmission time of the second service data.

Highlights • This study focused on the effect of vehicle-induced vibrations on fresh concrete. • A laboratory program including field test was performed. • 120 concrete specimens were used to assess the attainable compressive and bond strengths. • Two test variables were considered: the peak particle velocity and vibration duration. • Some recommendations suggested based on the results of this study. Abstract The purpose of this study was to conduct laboratory experiments that considered the effect of vehicle-induced vibrations on fresh concrete to determine the attainable concrete strength for bridge widening. A laboratory experimental program was carried out, where 120 concrete specimens were used in total to measure the compressive and bond strengths. The experiment results showed that vehicle-induced vibration does not need to be considered a serious risk to the concrete strength if the vibration duration is 6 h or less and the peak particle velocity is 0.3 cm/s or less.