PrefaceviiAcknowledgementsxi1Biography11.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31.3Early career, family & friends . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121.4Later career . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .171.5Professional activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241.6Retirement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .272Social Statistics292.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292.2Livelihood and Poverty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .302.3Measurement of Social Phenomena . . . . . . . . . . .352.4Has Poverty Diminished? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .462.5New Survey of London Life and Labour. . . . . . . .482.6Consequences of the Great War . . . . . . . . . . . . .612.7Aspects of population tendency . . . . . . . . . . . . .703National and Official Statistics733.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .733.2Early papers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73 3.3Statistical Studies relating to National Progress . . . .843.4Official Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963.5National Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1044Wages and Incomes1234.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1234.2Early Papers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1234.3Wages in the United Kingdom. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1334.4Prices and Wages, 1914-1920 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1414.5Wages and Income since 1860 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1494.6RSS presidential address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1635Miscellaneous Books1695.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1695.2England's Foreign Trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1695.3British Trade in Wartime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1825.4The Third Winter of Unemployment . . . . . . . . . . 1845.5Is Unemployment Inevitable? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1945.6Economic Census of India . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2036Statistical Papers2136.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2136.2Averages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2146.3On goodness-of-fit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2216.4The double median . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2256.5Inference from sample to population . . . . . . . . . . 2306.6Statistics in economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2357Statistical Books2397.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2397.2Elements of Statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2397.3Groups and Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2727.4An Elementary Manual of Statistics. . . . . . . . . . 283 8Index Numbers2958.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2958.2Papers on index numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2968.3Other indices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3179Sampling3239.1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3239.2Representative Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3249.3Bowley's memorandum on sampling . . . . . . . . . . 3269.4The application of sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34510 Economics35110.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35110.2 Economic statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35110.3 Mathematical Groundwork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35711 Mathematics38511.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38511.2 Kinetic energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38611.3 Mathematics in statistics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38711.4 Pure Mathematics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38912 Miscellaneous40112.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40112.2 Obituaries and Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40112.3 Demography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40512.4 The Economic Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41312.5 The Dock Labour Inquiry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41412.6 International Housing Statistics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415Notes417Bibliography467Index517