Double parton scattering is investigated in proton-proton collisions at = 7 TeV where the final state includes a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, and two jets. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb(-1), collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Observables sensitive to double parton scattering are investigated after being corrected for detector effects and selection efficiencies. The fraction of W + 2-jet events due to double parton scattering is measured to be 0.055 +/- 0.002 (stat.) +/- 0.014 (syst.). The effective cross section, sigma (eff), characterizing the effective transverse area of hard partonic interactions in collisions between protons is measured to be 20.7 +/- 0.8(stat.) +/- 6.6(syst.)mb.

Currently, solid modeling techniques are capable of capturing only the geometric and topological information of an object. However, there is a growing need for including additional information (such as the material) in the solid model. Our focus application is layered manufacturing (LM), a process which is capable of fabricating a part made of several materials. In this paper, we present an approach to model multi-material objects and define new modeling operations for their manipulation. We also develop a computer representation for these new models. Finally, we present some examples highlighting the implementation and fabrication by LM

Improved jet energy scale corrections, based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, are presented. The corrections as a function of pseudorapidity eta and transverse momentum (pT) are extracted from data and simulated events combining several channels and methods. They account successively for the effects of pileup, uniformity of the detector response, and residual data-simulation jet energy scale differences. Further corrections, depending on the jet flavor and distance parameter (jet size) R, are also presented. The jet energy resolution is measured in data and simulated events and is studied as a function of pileup, jet size, and jet flavor. Typical jet energy resolutions at the central rapidities are 15-20% at 30 GeV, about 10% at 100 GeV, and 5% at 1 TeV. The studies exploit events with dijet topology, as well as photon+jet, Z+jet and multijet events. Several new techniques are used to account for the various sources of jet energy scale corrections, and a full set of uncertainties, and their correlations, are provided. The final uncertainties on the jet energy scale are below 3% across the phase space considered by most analyses (p(T) > 30 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 5.0). In the barrel region (vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.3) an uncertainty below 1% for p(T) > 30 GeV is reached, when excluding the jet flavor uncertainties, which are provided separately for different jet flavors. A new benchmark for jet energy scale determination at hadron colliders is achieved with 0.32% uncertainty for jets with p(T) of the order of 165-330 GeV, and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.8.

We present a measurement of the Michel parameters of the tau lepton, (eta) over bar and xi kappa, in the radiative leptonic decay tau(-) -> l(-)nu(tau)(nu) over bar (l)gamma using 711 fb(-1) of collision data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e(+)e(-) collider. The Michel parameters are measured in an unbinned maximum likelihood fit to the kinematic distribution of e(+)e(-) -> tau(+)tau(-) -> (pi(+)pi(0)(nu) over bar (tau))(l(-)nu(tau)(nu) over bar (l)gamma) (l =3D e or mu). The measured values of the Michel parameters are (eta) over bar =3D - 1.3 +/- 1.5 +/- 0.8 and xi kappa =3D 0.5 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.2, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the first measurement of these parameters. These results are consistent with the Standard Model predictions within their uncertainties, and constrain the coupling constants of the generalized weak interaction.

Isolated photon production is measured in proton-proton and lead-lead collisions at nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energies of 2.76 TeV in the pseudorapidity range vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.44 and transverse energies E-T between 20 and 80 GeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measured ET spectra are found to be in good agreement with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions. The ratio of PbPb to pp isolated photon E-T-differential yields, scaled by the number of incoherent nucleon-nucleon collisions, is consistent with unity for all PbPb reaction centralities. (C) 2012 CERN. Published by Elsevier BM. All rights reserved.

Normalised differential top-quark-pair production cross sections are measured in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the LHC with the CMS detector using data recorded in 2011 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb(-1). The measurements are performed in the lepton + jets decay channels (e + jets and mu + jets) and the dilepton decay channels (e(+)e(-), mu(+)mu(-), and mu(+/-)e(-/+)). The t (t) over bar differential cross section is measured as a function of kinematic properties of the final-state charged leptons and jets associated to b quarks, as well as those of the top quarks and the t (t) over bar system. The data are compared with several predictions from perturbative QCD calculations up to approximate next-to-next-to-leading-order precision. No significant deviations from the standard model are observed.

The performance of tau-lepton reconstruction and identification algorithms is studied using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb(-1) collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The tau leptons that decay into one or three charged hadrons, zero or more short-lived neutral hadrons, and a neutrino are identified using final-state particles reconstructed in the CMS tracker and electromagnetic calorimeter. The reconstruction efficiency of the algorithms is measured using tau leptons produced in Z-boson decays. The tau-lepton misidentification rates for jets and electrons are determined.

A search for decays of B-c(+) mesons to two charm mesons is performed for the first time using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb(-1), collected by the LHCb experiment in pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The decays considered are B-c(+)-> D-(s)(()*())(+) (D) over bar (()*()0) and Bc(+)-> D-(s)(()*D-)+(()*())(0), which are normalised to high-yield B+-> D-(s)(+)(D) over bar (0)decays. No evidence for a signal is found and limits are set on twelve B-c(+) decay modes. (C) 2018 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.

A search for supersymmetry with R-parity conservation in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search is performed in events with jets and significant missing transverse energy, characteristic of the decays of heavy, pair-produced squarks and gluinos. The primary background, from standard model multijet production, is reduced by several orders of magnitude to a negligible level by the application of a set of robust kinematic requirements. With this selection, the data are consistent with the standard model backgrounds, namely t (t) over bar, W + jet and Z + jet production, which are estimated from data control samples. Limits are set on the parameters of the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. These limits extend those set previously by experiments at the Tevatron and LEP colliders. (C) 2011 CMS Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Measurements of primary charged hadron multiplicity distributions are presented for non-single-diffractive events in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of root s = 0.9, 2.36, and 7 TeV, in five pseudorapidity ranges from vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.5 to vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.4. The data were collected with the minimum-bias trigger of the CMS experiment during the LHC commissioning runs in 2009 and the 7 TeV run in 2010. The multiplicity distribution at root s - 0.9 TeV is in agreement with previous measurements. At higher energies the increase of the mean multiplicity with root s is underestimated by most event generators. The average transverse momentum as a function of the multiplicity is also presented. The measurement of higher-order moments of the multiplicity distribution con firms the violation of Koba-Nielsen-Olesen scaling that has been observed at lower energies.

Currently, the Internet is dominated by TCP traffic. TCP is congestion aware, shares bandwidth with other TCP flows, and is stable because most flows are congestion reactive. It has been shown that current AQM schemes may not be resistant to greedy traffic agents. Thus, it is important to study mechanisms which provide incentives to greedy agents to come to an equilibrium state in their own selfish interest. In addition, we want our AQM schemes to he oblivious to the flows identities which makes them easier to scale and deploy. We show that if routers used EWMA to measure the aggregate rate, then the best strategy for a selfish agent to minimize its losses is to arrive at a constant rate. Even though the protocol space is arbitrary, our scheme ensures that the best greedy strategy is simple, i.e. send with CBR. Then, we show how we can use the results of an earlier paper to enforce simple and efficient protocol equilibria on selfish traffic agents.

A measurement of the Lambda(0)(b) lifetime using the decay Lambda(0)(b) -> J/psi Lambda in protonproton collisions at root s = 7TeV is presented. The data set, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 5 fb(-1), was recorded with the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using triggers that selected dimuon events in the J/psi mass region. The Lambda(0)(b) lifetime is measured to be 1.503 +/- 0.052 (stat.) +/- 0.031 (syst.) ps