CNG has recently seen increased penetration within the automotive industry. Due to recent sanctions on diesel fuelled vehicles, manufactures have again shifted their attention to natural gas as a suitable alternative. Turbocharging of SI engines has seen widespread application due to its benefit in terms of engine downsizing and increasing engine performance [1]. This paper discusses the methodology involved in development of a multi cylinder turbocharged natural gas engine from an existing diesel engine. Various parameters such as valve timing, intake volume, runner length, etc. were studied using 1D simulation tool GT power and based on their results an optimized configuration was selected and a proto engine was built. Electronic throttle body was used to give better transient performance and emission control. Turbocharger selection and its location plays a critical role. Turbocharger Wastegate actuator trials were conducted to select optimum actuator to restrict boost enough to meet power target. Various engine related MAP like main lambda, volumetric efficiency, MBT timing, Primary ignition timing, etc. were calibrated and saved in EMS. The full load curve was calibrated using EMS to meet performance target of 85 kW rated power and 285 Nm max torque. Further, through precise calibration of various ECU tables the engine managed to meet BS IV emission norms.

Given a non-commutative F-central division ring D, N a subnormal subgroup of G L-n(D) and M a non-abelian maximal subgroup of N, if M is a non-abelian soluble maximal subgroup of N, then, n =3D 1 and D is cyclic of prime degree p with a maximal cyclic subfield K / F such that the groups Gal(K / F) and M / (K* boolean AND M) are isomorphic. Furthermore, for any x is an element of M \ K*, we have x(p) is an element of F* and D =3D F[M] =3D circle plus(p)(i=3D1) K-x(i). (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Tetradeuterated (S)-lysine can easily be obtained from protected (S)-serine in a few steps including a Cu-mediated cross coupling and subsequent platinum-catalysed deuteration.

In this article, we construct the color singlet-singlet-singlet interpolating current with I(J(P)) =3D (3/2)(1(-)) to study the D (D) over bar (*) K system through QCD sum rules approach. In calculations, we consider the contributions of the vacuum condensates up to dimension-16 and employ the formula mu =3D root M-X/Y/Z(2) -(2M(c))(2) to choose the optimal energy scale of the QCD spectral density. The numerical result M-z =3D 4.71(-0.11)(+0.19) GeV indicates that there exists a resonance state Z lying above the D (D) over bar (*) K threshold to saturate the QCD sum rules. This resonance state Z may be found by focusing on the channel J/Psi pi Kappa of the decay B -> J/Psi pi pi Kappa in the future.

The most extensive research of scaled electronic devices involves the inclusion of quantum effects in the transport direction as transistor dimensions approach nanometer scales. Moreover, it is necessary to study how these mechanisms affect different transistor architectures to determine which one can be the best candidate to implement future nodes. This work implements Source-to-Drain Tunneling mechanism (S/D tunneling) in a Multi-Subband Ensemble Monte Carlo (MS-EMC) simulator showing the modification in the distribution of the electrons in the subbands, and, consequently, in the potential profile due to different confinement direction between DGSOIs and FinFETs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.