Novel sulfonated phenyl esters of dicarboxylic acids are useful as diperoxyacid precursors in bleaching and laundering applications when combined with a source of peroxide. These diperoxyacid precursors can be produced by reacting a dicarboxylic acid, a phenol sulfonate, and a lower alkyl acid anhydride in an alkyl hydrocarbon solvent and removing a carboxylic acid byproduct through distillation. The diperoxyacid precursors have the structure: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from about 4 to about 18 and M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, or ammonium. The diperoxyacid precursors have a high perhydrolysis profile coupled with a relatively low-to-moderate hydrolysis profile.
The invention provides novel bleaching compositions comprising peracid precursors with the general structure ##STR1## with R, R', R" and L as defined in the specification. Novel peracids and precursors are also herein disclosed. These peracid precursors provide new, proficient and cost-effective compounds for fabric bleaching.
A throw-away plastic mouthpiece of low cost and producing a pressure differential upon inhalation is substituted for the rotary turbine and electronics mouthpiece of a known Spirocare respiratory therapy apparatus. The pressure differential is converted to a voltage by a pressure-to-voltage transducer, which voltage is highly amplified by a drift free amplifier. The amplifield voltage is applied to an adapter electronic circuit which produces a succession of negative going pairs of pulses exactly simulating the pulses from the Spirocare mouthpiece. The amplifier and adapter circuitry fit within the cavity provided in the Spirocare apparatus for storage of the mouthpiece, thereby adapting the Spirocare apparatus for use with an inexpensive, throw-away mouthpiece which need not be sterilized, and which is cheap to replace in the event of breakage.
A method for constructing a feedthrough via connection and a corresponding apparatus includes a metallic plate (101), or rigidizer, preferably composed of an aluminum material. A solderable contact area (103), is located on the plate (101). This contact area (103) is preferable comprised of a copper material selectively disposed by a plasma spraying process. Next, an electrically insulating adhesive layer (105) is disposed onto the plate (101). This adhesive layer (105) has a feedthrough via (106) disposed therethrough aligned with the contact area (103). Then, a substrate (109), preferably composed of a flexible composite polyimide material, is disposed onto the adhesive layer (105). This flexible substrate (109) has a via (110) disposed therethrough with a solderable area (111) disposed thereon. Then, a quantity of solder (113) is disposed onto the solderable area (111), and the assembly (100) is heated so that the solder (113) flows into the vias (106) and (110), thereby providing an electrical connection including the solderable area (111) of the via (110), the solder (113), and the contact area (103). During this reflow step, the structure of the adhesive layer (105) acts as a soldermask preventing the solder (113) from flowing outside of an area defined by the via (106).
A valve alignment tool for correctly aligning the valve box above each shut off valve in the water pipes of a underground water main. The valve alignment tool fits over the square stem nut of the gate valve, and fits in sliding engagement with the valve box to align the bottom of the valve box around the square stem nut of the gate valve. The top of the valve alignment tool protrudes above the surface of the ground and contains a bubble level so that it can be held vertically as the sections the valve box are slid down the outside of the valve alignment tool. When the trench around the underground water main has been filled in, and the top section of the valve box has been put in place, the valve alignment tool is withdrawn.
Polyglycolate compounds are provided having the general structure: ##STR1## wherein n is an integer from 2 to about 10; R is C.sub.1-20 linear or branched alkyl, alkoxylated alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, substituted aryl; R' and R" are independently H, C.sub.1-20 alkyl, aryl, C.sub.1-20 alkylaryl, substituted aryl, and NR.sub.3.sup..alpha.+, wherein R.sup..alpha. is C.sub.1-30 alkyl; and L is a leaving group displaceable in a peroxygen bleaching solution by perhydroxide anion. When this compound is combined with a source of peroxygen in aqueous solution, then a plurality of stain removing peracids are formed. Such peracids are formed substantially sequentially beginning with the carbonyl adjacent to the leaving group L. Thus, a first stain removing peracid having the structure ##STR2## will be formed in amounts approaching quantitative yield.
The invention provides novel bleaching compositions comprising peracid precursors having oxynitrogen leaving groups. Peracid precursors containing these leaving groups provide new, proficient and cost-effective compounds for fabric bleaching.;These compounds have the general structures:
A crate for the storage and transport of a water bottle is provided, which includes two pairs of opposed side walls joined at their adjoining longitudinal edges to define a square box, a back wall, joined to rear widthwise edges of the side walls, closing one end of the box, at least one of said side walls having a handle opening in a location which is approximately over the center of gravity of the box when the box contains a full water bottle.
An elastomeric element for forming surfaces engageable with loose abrasive materials comprising a base having a working surface in the form of a surface of revolution. In a section taken perpendicularly to the axis of the surface of revolution the base is fashioned as a sector of a ring. A sizing screen from the elastomeric elements has secured on a frame thereof a plurality of elastomeric elements with a plurality of holes made therein. Each elastomeric element is secured by the attachment means on the frame of the sizing screen to form a substantially flat working surface.