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Hedgerow Pruning Effects on Light Interception, Water Relations and Yield in Alley-Cropped Maize

Author:
Kang, H.   Shannon, D. A.   Prior, S. A.   Arriaga, F. J.  


Journal:
Journal of Sustainable Agriculture


Issue Date:
2008


Abstract(summary):

In alley cropping, trees and crops compete for light, nutrients, and water. However, there is little information on how hedgerow pruning would impact light interception, water relations, and yield in a maize (Zea mays L.)-mimosa (Albizia julibrissin Durazz) alley-cropping system. Competition between mimosa hedgerows and maize was measured under alley cropping on a compass loam sand in Shorter, AL. Treatments were established in a randomized complete block design and consisted of no pruning or pruning at 30, 30 + 60 and 30 + 90 days after maize planting (DAP) and at 5 cm and 50 cm pruning heights. To minimize competition for nutrients, 199 kg N ha(-1), 9 kg P ha(-1), and 73 kg K ha- I were applied. Reduction in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was assessed periodically. Water status in maize was assessed using a steady state porometer to measure maize leaf stomatal conductance and transpiration rate. PAR was lower in maize rows closest to hedgerows (ROW]) than in second maize rows from hedgerows (ROW2) especially after 60 DAP. After the 90 DAP pruning, 30 + 90 DAP pruning treatment gave significantly lower stomatal conductance (CD) and transpiration rate (TR) in maize leaves than did 30 DAP or 30 + 60 DAP treatments. ROW] had high CD and TR, which suggests greater water loss that might reduce final yields. Pruning increased PAR, maize grain and stover yields compared to no-pruning plots. Pruning twice gave higher grain and stover yields than did no-pruning controls. Pruning at 5 cm height gave higher maize yield than pruning at 50 cm. On average, ROW I had 24% lower yield than did ROW2. Interaction of treatment by row was highly significant. Yield in ROW I was more affected by pruning treatments than in ROW2. After 90 DAP, 30 + 90 DAP pruning treatment had lowest shade, followed by pruning treatment 30 + 60 DAP at 5 cm height. Pruning at 90 DAP and pruning at 5 cm height reduced competition for water and light. Hedgerow pruning can increase light interception and reduce water stress in the maize crop.


Page:
115-137


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